جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « nail-biting » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Nail biting is an inappropriate habit and its exact cause is debatable. Researchers believe that nail biting disorder is often associated with psychiatric disorders, including anxiety. State/trait anxiety can be considered an unstable emotional state reflecting the individual's interpretation of a stressful situation in a particular time frame and varies depending on the degree to which the situation is perceived threatening. This study aims to determine the evaluation of the effectiveness of habit reversal techniques on reducing nail biting disorder and state/trait anxiety in students.

The present semi-experimental study with pretest, post-test, and follow-up was conducted on six junior high school male students in the age range of 13-15 years, who asked for help by referring to the school counseling and were selected by convenience sampling method. They received a program of habit reversal techniques individually in 6 sessions for 1 month. Clinical interviewing, frequency recording of nail biting per day, and state/trait anxiety test were used to measure the variables.

Data analysis showed that habit reversal techniques reduce nail biting and students' state/trait anxiety. Follow-up one month after the end of treatment indicated the persistence of these results.

The habit reversal training is effective on treating nail biting, reducing anxiety, and promoting the person life quality and symptoms from nail biting. Due the low sample size, it is suggested that while repeating the study in a larger sample, its effectiveness on the treatment of other habitual disorders be studied.

Nail biting is a common behavior in children that may be connected to some environmental factors like parental problems or parenting styles. The purpose of this study was to compare marital satisfaction, parenting style, and attachment style in parents of children with and without nail biting. 

This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population consisted of all pre-school and primary school students with nail biting behaviors in Shiraz in 2015. To select a sample (284 parents), 10 schools were selected from each area of Shiraz by cluster sampling and then 40 pre-school and primary school students were selected from each school by convenience sampling. Afterwards, their parents were asked to complete ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (Olson, 1989), Baumrind's Parenting Styles Questionnaire (Baumrind, 1972), and Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Read, 1996). Data were analyzed by T-tests and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) by using SPSS Version 24 Software.

Results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between mothers of the nail biting and control groups in terms of marital satisfaction, parenting style, and attachment style at P>0.05. Also, no such a difference was found between the fathers.

Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested that nail biting behavior may be directly or indirectly influenced by some variables that deserve further investigations.

purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of AEBT therapy on reducing anxiety and experiencing avoidance of Mixed Trichotillomania، Skin picking disorder and Nail biting with three month follow up This study was a single-subject experimental design with multiple step-line based and follow-up on six patients (two patients for each disorder) with 10 sessions over the course of three month follow up، Samples were selected using purposeful method. Data was gathering through Massachusetts Hospital – Hair pulling Scale، Keuthen Skin Picking Scale، Beck Anxiety Inventory، Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and Malone- Massler Nail biting scale. The results of this study showed that Acceptance Enhanced Behavioral Therapy can reduce anxiety in patients with trichotillomania، skin picking and Nail biting، as well as experimental avoidance in patients with trichotillomania and skin picking decreased and the results were maintained during the follow-up period، but reduction of experimental avoidance in Nail biting was not significant and requires further studies on this subject

Background and Chewing nails is one of the most common behavioral problems in childhood that can be caused by anxiety and stress. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of art therapy (storytelling, photography and painting) based on cognitive-behavioral therapy in treating a 7-year-old girl who had this disorder.
This study was an experimental single case study by using multiple-baselines. The intervention program was conducted in 10 sessions with a follow-up of six weeks. The instruments used in this study were clinical interview, observation, parenting styles questionnaire (Baumrind, 1991) and Goodenough–Harris draw-a-person test (DAP) (Goodenough- Harris, 1963). The research design was a single-case experimental multi-line method. Chart and drawing analysis were used to analyze the data.
The results of the study showed that the effect of art therapy (storytelling, photography and painting) based on cognitive-behavioral approach on nail-biting is clinically meaningful. (P > 0.05).
The results showed that art therapy (storytelling, photography and painting) based on cognitive-behavioral approach is effective in reducing nail-biting disorders. Also the person after receiving the treatment, in addition to reducing the factors related to nail chewing, also improved in other areas such as interpersonal and social behaviors. Therefore, it is suggested to researchers that an integrated model based on the findings of this research be developed for the treatment of nail biting.

To study the prevalence of Stereotypic Movements (SM) in children.

Using a multistage sampling method, we selected 300 children from 13 day care centers and primary schools in Urmia (Western Azerbaijan Province). Data collection involved parent interviews in the presence of the children.

Three hundreds children (167 boys and 133 girls) were included in the study. Nearly 50% (149 out of 300) had one type of SM. The prevalence of different type of stereotypic movements were as follows: bruxism 16%, head banging 13%, hair pulling 8%, nail biting 7% and thumb sucking 6%; each of the affected subjects had only one type of SM .There were not any significant relationships between sex and various SM varieties- except for head banging, which was more common in boys (P<0.001). There were no significant associations between parents' education or occupation and the presence of any type of SM (P> 0.05).

The prevalence of Stereotypic Movements is high in children. To confirm the findings more comprehensive studies are recommended.

Stereotypic behaviors are characterized by repetitive, deviated and aimless actions that persist for more than 4 months in individual. Nail biting habit is one of informed obsessive-compulsive disorders that begins in childhood and continues for a long time. Onychophagia is a disorder with unknown cause and many factors can predispose it in a child. Individual characteristics and environmental factors are among other factors that may cause onychophagia in a child.

In this cross sectional study prevalence of nail biting in 600 male and female students of primary schools of Kerman has been assessed.

The prevalence of nail biting was 28.7% and the duration of onychophagia was between 1-2 years in 53.5% of cases. Onychophagia was most common in age group of 13 years. IQ, grade, success in exams, parents job and association with other stereotypic habits were evaluated. Nutrition in infancy period, position of labor, parents’ educational level, and family population were also analyzed. No significant relation was found between any of above factors and nail biting.

Nail biting can be considered as an independent and temporary event in the growth period of child.