جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « panoramic radiographs » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Malocclusions, cosmetic problems, some problems linked to tooth extraction and root canal treatment, and other diseases of the mouth and teeth can occur as a result of dental anomalies (DAs).

The present research was conducted to determine the prevalence of DAs through panoramic radiographs of children in Ahvaz, Iran, in five years (2018 - 2022).

In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 1000 panoramic radiographs were selected from the archives of the Radiology Department of Ahvaz Dental School and other radiology centers of the city related to children in the age group of 5 - 12 years. A pediatric dental assistant and a pediatric dental specialist evaluated them for the presence of DAs based on Lam's (2014) criteria and definitions. The frequency of DAs was reported based on numbers and percentages. Finally, the raw results were analyzed using the chi-square test and Student's t-test at the significance level of α = 0.05 by SPSS software version 25.

The results showed that only 150 (15%) patients had at least one DA and 850 (85%) had no DAs. Most DAs were related to dental missing (4.2%), dental transposition (2.9%), and ectopic growth (2.2%). The frequency of dental missing (71.4% vs. 28.6%) and dental transposition (72.4% vs. 27.6%) in boys were significantly higher than in girls. The frequency of DAs missing teeth in the lower jaw (61.9%) was significantly more than in the upper jaw (38.1%).

Anomalies of missing teeth, transposition, and ectopic growths are among the most common anomalies in Ahvaz children, but the anomalies of microdontia, tooth displacement, dens evaginates, and dentinogenesis imperfect were rare DAs among them. As the prevalence of DAs in Ahvaz children is estimated to be high, early diagnosis and treatment of this complication are suggested as a means to prevent complications.

Assessment of dental developmental stage is more valuable than tooth eruption because the duration of tooth eruption is short and is determined by the appearance of tooth in the oral cavity. Among the different methods that could be used to determine the developmental stage of teeth, the Demirjian’s method has been extensively applied.

This retrospective study selected 300 panoramic radiographs of 5 to 12-year-old Iranians obtained from Radiology Department of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences from 2019 to 2020. The developmental stage of homologous mandibular first and second molars teeth were scored based on Demirjian’s stages.

Significant difference was noted in developmental stage of first and second molars in right and left side among different age groups. According to the results, there was not a significant difference in developmental stage of first molars in right and left side between two genders while the difference in this regard between the mandibular right and left second molars between two genders was significant. Moreover, there was a significant difference in development of molars between four distributed age groups for each gender.

According to the findings of this study, evolution of mandibular first and second molar is not an appropriate indicator for gender segregation in children under 12 years old, but it can be used in ages estimation. Therefore, it can be concluded that gender is an impactful factor on the growth process of the second molar on the left and right in this age group.

Statement of the Problem:

The inferior alveolar canal (IAC) is a bony canal that starts from mandibular foramen at the inner surface of the mandibular ramus and extends along the ramus and body of mandibular bone in forward and downward directions to the mental foramen. Inside the mandibular canal, there are lower alveolar artery and a nerve with the same name. Understanding the anatomical details of the lower alveolar canal, including position, pathway and morphology to prevent complications in surgical procedures in the lower jaw such as mandibular impacted molar surgeries, mandibular nerve block injection, or even root canal treatment of mandibular teeth is important.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the course and direction of IAC in mandibular bone and its relation to anatomical factors such as gonial angle and location of entrance of IAC in the mandibular ramus.

This cross-sectional study evaluated a sample of 280 digital panoramic images. All samples were Iranian. The pattern and direction of the IACs were recorded according to age and gender and the relation of these patterns to the gonial angle of mandible and the entry point of the IAC in mandibular ramus were evaluated.

The results showed that the course of canal, the entrance point of the canal and the gonial angle were the same between different age groups and between two genders. There was no significant relation between the course of canal and the two anatomical variables mentioned (p> 0.05).

Considering the increasing frequency of implant surgeries and presence of different courses of the mandibular canal and concerning the important complications such as paresthesia caused by damage to the mandibular nerve, panoramic radiography is necessary before any surgery in this area to avoid unwanted injuries to the neurovascular system if other advanced modalities are not available.

The aim of present investigation was to evaluate frequency of different angles, numbers of roots, depth of impaction in maxillary third molarsand their damages to nearby structuresby analyzing panoramic radiography.

This study was conducted by analyzing panoramic radiography 382 (124 men & 258 women) patients who referred to baser radiography center, rad radiography center and Ardabil dental school between year 2014 to 2015.

The most frequent angle of impacted teeth in maxillary third molar in both genders was vertical (48/9%), and the most frequent depth was class C according Winter Classification System (46/8%), in approximately 85% of cases No space between teeth and sinus was observed and according to numbers of roots 54% of teeth had 2 roots, 22% 3 roots and 8% had only one root. The most important damage to nearby structures was angular periodontal lesions which were demonstrated in radiography (52%), making caries on second molars (100%), root resorption on second molars (6%) and in 18% no harmful lesions on molar 2 or radiographic lesions were detected.

Within the limitations of this study, most of third impacted maxillary molars had enough space to maxillary sinus and most of them were vertically, thus extraction of these impacted teeth seems simple and possible.