جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « psychological » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Adaptation to complications of hysterectomy is one of the topics of concern for women and health care providers. There is no instrument for evaluating adaptation to hysterectomy. This study aimed to design the Hysterectomy Adaptation Scale (HAS) and assess its psychometric properties.

This methodological study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in Mashhad, Iran. To develop the item pool, qualitative data from directed content analysis and data from the review of adaptation and coping instruments were used. The face, content, construct validity, internal consistency, and stability were used to evaluate the psychometric properties of HAS.

The final version of the HAS consisted of 24 items with a reported content validity index of 0.9. Six factors were extracted from the principal component analysis, which explained 60.3 of the observed variance. Model fit indices in confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model was well fitted. The values of the alpha coefficient and intra‑class coefficient were 0.86 and 0.95, respectively.

The HAS is a valid and reliable scale for evaluating the adaptation level of hysterectomized Iranian women. HAS can distinguish between hysterectomized women who have adapted to hysterectomy and those who have not. It can be used to assess the adaptation of hysterectomized women in research and clinical practice.

Head nurses, as operational managers of hospitals, require robust communication skills, comprehensive leadership knowledge, and proficient conflict management strategies. By utilizing appropriate management techniques based on these skills, head nurses can actively contribute to enhancing efficiency, improving performance, and delivering high-quality services within the hospital setting. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between communication skills, conflict management, and leadership style among head nurses.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2021, involving 166 head nurses employed across 16 hospitals affiliated with Golestan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The sampling method employed was a census approach, encompassing the entire population of interest. After obtaining ethical approval, data were collected using established instruments, including Robbins' Evaluation of the Conflict Resolution Questionnaire, Queendom's Interpersonal Communication Skills Test, and Bass and Avolio's leadership style Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests were utilized to analyze the collected data. The significance level was set at 0.05.

The findings revealed that the total score of communication skills, particularly the dimensions of emotional control and listening skills, exhibited a significant positive association with the overall score of conflict management and its three distinct strategies. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was observed between the ability to receive and send messages and the contingent leadership style (P-value = 0.043). Conversely, the orientation strategy demonstrated a negative impact on leadership quality, as it was found to diminish leadership quality across all dimensions for head nurses. Furthermore, the control strategy exhibited a significant negative correlation with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.037). Lastly, the overall score of conflict management displayed a significant negative association with the charismatic leadership style (P-value = 0.031).

The assessment of head nurses' communication skills indicated an average proficiency level. The prevailing leadership style adopted by supervisors was charismatic, while the predominant conflict management strategy employed was non-confrontation. It is recommended that effective plans aimed at improving communication skills, fostering effective leadership, and enhancing conflict management be implemented within hospital departments to enhance the current situation. This can be achieved through organizing impactful training workshops and utilizing supportive and motivational mechanisms.

We aimed to investigate the clinical application effect of people-oriented nursing model on the negative emotions and psychological conditions of patients with bladder cancer.

Eighty patients with bladder cancer were enrolled from January 2020 to January 2022 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical UniversityHeilongjiang, Province, China. The patients were randomly divided into the control group, each group consisted of 40 patients (conventional nursing mode) and the ex-perimental group (people-oriented nursing mode) according to the admission time. The differences of the anx-iety, depression and quality of life scores at the time of admission and discharge were compared between the two groups.

There was statistically significant differences in the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating depression scale (SDS) score within each group ofpatients and between the two groups at the time of admis-sion and discharge, respectively (P=0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant difference in the scores at discharge, and the scores of the patients in the experimental group were better than those in the con-trol group. There was a statistically significant difference in the scores at discharge, and the scores of the exper-imental group were lower than those of the control group P<0.001). After comparing the overall scores of ad-mission and discharge of the two groups of patients, the differences were statistically significant, and the scores at discharge were better improved than those at admission were.

The people-oriented nursing model could relieve the negative emotions, relieve pain and improve the life quality of patients with bladder cancer.

Freshmen have to face different requirements, such as deciding on a future job, establishing a relationship with the other gender, adapting to a new environment, building new relationships, being away from family, and experiencing different courses and teachers. These different demands might make this period one of the most stressful times and turn the adaptation process into a difficult stage. Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate tools to determine the levels and difficulties of adaptation in various fields.

This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of Baker and Siryk 67-Question Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) to provide an appropriate tool for diagnosing freshmen’s problems.

The current study is a methodological study with a descriptive cross-sectional design. Given the construct structure of the questionnaire, it was tried to select 445 freshmen across different undergraduate fields using a multi-stage sampling method. Then, SACQ, Brief Psychological Adjustment-6, the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults - Short Version, and the Beck Depression Inventory were administered. Then, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent and divergent validity, and Cronbach’s alpha were calculated for data analysis.

The results showed that the internal consistency coefficient of this questionnaire for all components was higher than 0.70, and it indicated that the tool was a suitable one. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 4-factor model of original developers had a better fit than the one-factor and six-factor models in this sample.

Since the factor structure of this scale was approved, it could be used to measure adaptation to college to determine and identify troubled or at-risk freshmen.

Job burnout is more frequent in stressful and high-risk jobs. Healthcare workers, especially Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) workers and therapists, are more exposed to job burnout. This study aimed to compare the burnout rate among the staff and therapists working in behavioral disease counseling centers and health centers in 9 provinces of Iran.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 9 provinces of Iran from January 2020 to March 2020. For this research, 94 VCT workers as the experimental group, and 103 public clinic workers participated as the available sampling group. To collect the data, the Meslesh questionnaire was used and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, etc.) and inferential methods were applied for statistical analysis (t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test, chi - square test and Spearman correlation test). (P< 0.05)

Our finding showed that 33% of health center workers and 32% of VCT workers had burnout, but the difference was not statistically significant. Most Health Center (HC) workers who showed burnout were working in the southern province of Iran (Bushehr and Bandar Abbas), and the most VCT workers who showed burnout were working in the western province of Iran (Kermanshah and Kurdistan).

Although the rate of burnout in the staff of these two centers is very similar, it can be concluded that due to the small number of people referred to AIDS centers compared to the large number of patients in health centers, working with people with HIV/AIDS is so difficult.

Paying attention to psychological issues and characteristics of military service is one of the points that must be assessed by senior planners and commanders.

In the present descriptive correlational study, 604 soldiers serving in the barracks of Kerman province in 2021 were studied. Cluster sampling was used to select the statistical sample from the two barracks of Martyr Ashraf Ganjavii and Martyr Bahonar of the police force. Three characteristics of Mental Health, Personality Traits and Psychological Empowerment were compared in two groups of newly arrived and discharged soldiers.

Two hundred fifty-seven people (42.5%) were in the group of newly arrived soldiers, and 347 people (57.5%) were in the other group. The average scores of the discharged group in all aspects of mental health were lower than those of the newly arrived group (p<0.05). The average scores of two dimensions of neuroticism and extraversion in the discharged group was significantly higher than that of the newly arrived group (p<0.05). Also the two groups had a significant difference in competence score (p=0.048).

According to the results of this study, military service has had a negative effect on the mental health of soldiers. Nonetheless, it cannot be alleged that military service had a significant effect on the psychological empowerment of soldiers. Consequently, it seems obligatory to use psychological and clinical consultants and doctors for appropriate interventions to increase mental health, such as education, counseling, and psychotherapy.

Burnout syndrome (BOS) is a common occupational disease amongst medical physicians; especially anesthesiologists. BOS is known to result in increased expenditure of the healthcare system and decreased patient satisfaction. In order to substitute for good conduct by its medical staff, Tehran University of Medical University established its own guidelines on professionalism as a substitute for professional conduct amongst its personnel. Learning and practicing professionalism is not only a requirement to be competent as a specialist, but also it results in increasing healthcare quality and patient satisfaction. There is a lack of studies on the relationship between BOS and professionalism. Determination of the relationships between professionalism and BOS among TUMS anesthesiology residents.

In this cross-sectional study all anesthesiology residents completed three forms (demographic checklist, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and professionalism self-conduct). The results were primarily analyzed using STATA 14.0 and relationships were established via linear and binary regression.

About 44 percent of residents met criteria for BOS. The risk of developing BOS was significantly higher for residents who adhered to the principles of respect and altruism and for residents training in one of our surveyed hospitals; whereas the risk of developing BOS would be reduced by increasing age and adherence to the principles of justice Burnout subscales scores concerning emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment were significantly related with higher self-reported scores of altruism and honesty-integrity respectively.

The chances of developing BOS could be enhanced by inadequate practice in the field of professional ethics. Therefor the importance of learning and competent practice of professionalism must be acknowledged. Age and professional climate were the most important demographic variables related to BOS in anesthesiology residents.

Having a preterm infant is a stressful experience for parents, especially for mothers. This study was conducted to identify the effect of kangaroo mother care on the resilience of mothers with preterm infant hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.

In this randomized controlled trial study, 60 mothers with preterm infant hospitalized in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were randomly selected and allocated to intervention and control groups (30 per group) ,in Fatemiyeh Hospital, Hamadan, Iran. Data collection tool included demographic information and Conner & Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (CD-RISC), which were completed by mothers before and after the intervention. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) as an intervention was run in at least one hour daily for a week in the intervention group. The mother-infant pairs in the control group only received conventional method of care (CMC).

There was a significant increase in the total resilience score of the mothers in the KMC group (from 58.87±14.71 to 69.67±14.50) after intervention (P<0.001); however, resilience score decreased significantly in the mothers of CMC group (from 57.77±13.33 to 51.63±12.20).

Kangaroo mother care could increase the resilience of mothers of preterm infants. Therefore using this approach as a complementary, effective, Low-cost, non-invasive care is recommended to maintain and promote the health of mothers with preterm infant.

Changes in menstrual bleeding in the context of hormonal changes may explain why reports on this phenomenon were published globally during the COVID-19 vaccination period. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between the injection of COVID-19 vaccines, abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB), and hormonal disorders in women of reproductive age who were referred to Sayad Shirazi Hospital in Gorgan (Iran) in 2023.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients referred to the Gynecology Center of Sayad Shirazi Hospital (Gorgan). The census method was used for collecting data, and the data of 114 women of reproductive age information who had received at least 1 dose of the COVID-19 vaccine were collected by a questionnaire and analysis of requested tests and their registration and analyzed in SPSS v. 16. Chi-square, independent t-test, and analysis of variance were used, and the significance level was <0.05.

In this study, 114 women with an average age of 41.12 years met the inclusion criteria; 27 women had previous abnormal bleeding patterns, which had a clear change in the bleeding process, and the rest had a regular cycle with AUB. Three types of vaccines were used by the women; AstraZeneca had the most side effects, followed by Sinopharm. The participants showed abnormal bleeding during the first year, although in most women, it had started in the first 6 months. COVID-19 vaccination showed a significant relationship with the change in the bleeding process (P=049). Coagulation disorders and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) of more than 35 did not show a significant relationship between disorders, specific hormones, and AUB (P=0.269). However, the presence of hormonal disorders with AUB, despite increased PTT, had a significant relationship with AUB (P=0.011).

The results indicated a significant relationship between the injection of vaccines and the occurrence of AUB regardless of hormonal disorders and coagulation disorders, which were more likely to occur in a wider time frame (6 months or more). The results also demonstrated that these side effects were expected among people who receive the vaccine; for health care workers, on the other hand, trying to correct and prevent more side effects. Although different types of vaccines can cause different effects, their long-term effects should be considered, especially in women with the possibility of hormonal changes and abnormal bleeding, and the use of vaccines with fewer complications is recommended.

Vitiligo is a disease of progressive and permanent skin depigmentation. This disease impacts patients’ quality of life through psychological distress, which shows itself in various ways. This distress includes shame and internal self-criticism in patients with vitiligo. Resilience can appear as the strength against distress.

This research aimed to assess the impact of compassion-focused therapy (CFT) on various outcomes, including resilience, shame, internal self-criticism, and quality of life in individuals with vitiligo.

In this study, an RCT design was employed, incorporating both pre- and post-test evaluations alongside a control group, to examine the impact of CFT on resilience, shame, internal self-criticism, and quality of life in patients with vitiligo. Forty patients with vitiligo were selected from Razi Dermatology Hospital in Tehran in 2019. The participants were randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, levels of self-criticism scale, and Internalized Shame Scale were used to complete the pre-and post-test phases. Compassion-focused therapy based on the Gilbert therapy package was held in eight 2 h sessions once a week for the experimental group. The control group received the intervention after the end of the experimental group intervention.

The results of the covariance analysis indicated that CFT significantly increased the quality of life (P < 0.05, F = 308.97) and resilience (P < 0.05, F = 125.75) and reduced shame (P < 0.05, F = 228.30) and internal self-criticism (P < 0.05, F = 53.44) of patients with vitiligo.

Compassion-focused therapy can improve the quality of life and resilience and reduce the shame and internal self-criticism of patients with vitiligo.

Emergency medical technicians (EMTs), as the front line of dealing with patients with COVID-19, are exposed to the intensification of stress caused by these conditions, and it is essential to identify related factors, such as resilience and spiritual intelligence in this context. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived stress, spiritual intelligence, and resilience of EMTs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 EMTs in Shahroud in 2021. Data collection tools included the demographic checklist, Cohen’s perceived stress questionnaire, King’s spiritual intelligence questionnaire, and Conrad Davidson’s questionnaire (CD-RISC). To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential (independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression) statistics were used.
The mean scores of perceived stress and resilience of employees were at medium and high levels, respectively. There was no significant relationship between perceived stress and spiritual intelligence (r=-0.49, P=0.24), but there was a meaningful negative correlation between perceived stress and resilience (r=-0.31, P=0.002). A positive and significant relationship was observed between perceived stress score and age and work experience.
Considering the significant relationship between perceived stress and resilience in the present study, it is suggested that the administrators provide solutions such as creating training courses to manage stress and increase resilience in EMTs.

Burnout among physicians is more prevalent than other fields and begins as early as medical school. The aim of this study was to characterize the impact of COVID-19 on different aspects of burnout in third-year medical students at a minority-serving medical school at the U.S.-Mexico border. A Comparative study was conducted in 2022. Participants included those in the classes of 2019 through 2023. Data from the classes of 2019-2021 represented the period before COVID-19 curriculum changes and was compared to classes 2022-2023, which represented the period after the onset of COVID-19. The data on the classes of 2023 was compared between the two integrated rotation blocks to evaluate if non-COVID-related experiences might contribute to an increase in burnout in one block versus the other. Lastly, all data were compared to a general population sample to screen for the possibility of systemic deficiencies relative to other health professions. The Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), which determines the scores for emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA), was administered to third-year medical students during their clinical rotations. Data were analyzed using a paired or unpaired t-test if they followed a normal distribution or the Mann-Whitney test if this was not the case. Scores for EE (P<0.0001), DP (P<0.0001), and PA (P=0.02) decreased after the onset of COVID-19. No statistically significant differences were found between the rotation blocks. However, when we compared the individual rotation blocks to the general population, the OBGYN/Pediatrics/Surgery blocks had a higher EE score (P=0.0003) than the Internal Medicine/Family Medicine/Psychiatry block. Before COVID-19, EE (P<0.01), DP (P<0.0001), and PA (P<0.05) appeared to be improved compared to the general population. After the onset of COVID-19, EE was less than the general population (P<0.0001). A broader assessment of burnout in medical students across the nation is warranted. Identification of specific COVID-19 influences and clerkship-related factors would prompt targeted actions to reduce burnout in this medical student population. Interventions are suggested to be designed to lessen the degree of burnout in clerkship students, possibly in other medical schools experiencing similar challenges.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a common mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. This review article aims to explore the causes of GAD, including genetic and environmental factors, as well as neurobiological and psychological mechanisms. We also discuss the implications of these causes for the diagnosis and treatment of GAD. Overall, this review provides an overview of the multifactorial nature of GAD and highlights the need for a comprehensive and personalized approach to its management.

 Diagnosis of cancer and its long and hard treatment process induce great stress and anxiety in patients. Cancer patients may also suffer from severe pain due to their primary disease, metastases, or the received treatments. However, the patients’ chief physical complaint is the main aspect that physicians pay attention to, and the mental health of these patients is usually neglected.

 This study aimed to predict the effect of music therapy (MT) on pain, perceived stress, anxiety, and biochemical parameters in patients with cancer.

 This semi-experimental study was conducted on cancer patients referring to the Oncology Clinic at Amir Hospital in Shiraz (affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences) from April to September 2016. A total number of sixty cancer patients were recruited using a random sampling method and divided into two groups of control and intervention. Patients in the intervention group listened to light music for at least 20 minutes for 8 weeks (two continuous sessions weekly). After the intervention group, a follow-up test and questionnaires were conducted on both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 21 using the t-test, chi-square test, and paired t-test.

 The results of this study showed that the control group had no significant difference regarding the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) (P-value = 0.797), cortisol (P-value = 0.841), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) (P-value = 0.001) variables before and after the study, but it had a significant increase in the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) (P-value = 0.026). Our findings indicated a significant difference in the MPQ, BAI, and cortisol variables in the MT group (P-value ≤ 0.001). In general, the PSS showed no significant difference between the two groups.

 The results of the present study showed that MT for eight weeks, selected by patients from a list, could significantly reduce patients’ anxiety, pain, and perceived stress. Therefore, we recommend the inclusion of this intervention in the routine care of patients with cancer.

Psychiatric nurses are critical in caring for patients with mental health problems and many challenging problems. They are also likely to be tired because they have been in risky and stressful conditions for a long time. Thus, it is necessary to control job stress and burnout. This study examined the mediating influence of psychological capital in the relationship between job stress and burnout of psychiatric nurses.

The research method was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population comprised all psychiatric nurses working in three psychiatric hospitals in Tehran, Iran from 10 August to 15 September 2022. The study selected 170 psychiatric nurses working as samples through convenience sampling. The research tools were Job Stress Questionnaire of Nurses, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ). After completing the questionnaires, Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression by IBM SPSS 24.0 program.

The findings show a significant correlation between job stress, psychological capital, and burnout. The path coefficient of the direct effect of job stress on job burnout is significant (β = 0.524, P < 0.001). The path coefficient of the direct effect of psychological capital on job burnout is significant (β = 0.551, P < 0.05). The bootstrap result for this model was 0.49. The confidence interval’s lower and upper limits were calculated as 0.41 and 0.58, respectively.

These findings suggest that psychiatric nurses’ burnout can be decreased by implementing different healthcare programs to increase psychological capital. In general, according to the results of this research, it is suggested that the phenomena of occupational stress and burnout among nurses should be taken seriously. These variables can have destructive effects on the quality of nurses’ therapeutic performance. One of the suggestions that can be made is holding psychological workshops to improve self-efficacy, optimism, hope, flexibility and psychological capital among nurses in general.