جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « scoping review » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

This scoping review allows a better understanding of current evidence regarding mirror therapy (MT) among children to help the future development of MT intervention protocol on children.

PubMed, Science-Direct, Web of Science and ProQuest databases were searched from January 2005 to January 2023 for interventions within the scope of MT for children. Google Scholar was also scanned for additional resources. The process of the present study was according to guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews. The main inclusion criteria were articles in English and Persian language and peer-reviewed empirical studies of MT for children. This study charted methodological information from articles according to participant characteristics, design, intervention, and outcome measures. 

Of 18 studies that were included in this scoping review, 17 studies were conducted in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy, and only two studies were in other conditions. A total of 16 articles were randomized controlled clinical trials, one case study and one single subject. Meanwhile, 33 outcomes were in the body structures (BS) and functions level, and 10 outcome measures were in the activities and participation levels of the International classification of functioning. 

The review indicates that in future studies, it is necessary to pay more attention to other disorders beyond hemiplegic cerebral palsy; furthermore, levels of activity and participation as the outcome need to be used more.

The use of reporting guidelines aims to enhance the completeness and transparency of biomedical publications. The CARE guideline was developed in 2013 to assist researchers in improving the reporting of their case reports. In this study, drawing on evidence from studies that have evaluated the reporting quality of case reports based on the CARE guideline, we aim to conduct a scoping review focusing on the state-of-the-art adherence to the CARE guidelines in case reports and identifying factors associated with adherence to this guideline.

The protocol for this scoping review follows the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We searched for meta-research studies indexed in four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Scopus) from 2013 to 2023, for studies primarily aimed at evaluating the reporting quality of case reports based on the CARE guidelines. Study selection was performed in duplicate. This study report followed the PRISMA-ScR.

Our database searches retrieved 35 studies, of which 14 were included for full-text analysis. The publication rate has increased sharply in recent years; seven articles (50%) were published in 2020 and 2021. Further analysis is in progress and scheduled for completion by July 2024.

By conducting this scoping review, we attempted to gain a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the quality of case reports based on the CARE guideline, identify gaps, and provide recommendations for the more efficient and meaningful use of the CARE reporting guideline in the future.

As socioeconomic inequalities are key factors in access and utilization of type 2 diabetes (T2D) services, the purpose of this scoping review was to identify solutions for decreasing socioeconomic inequalities in T2D.

A scoping review of scientific articles from 2000 and later was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Embase, and ProQuest databases. Using the Arksey and O’Malley framework for scoping review, articles were extracted, meticulously read, and thematically analyzed.

A total of 7204 articles were identified from the reviewed databases. After removing duplicate and nonrelevant articles, 117 articles were finally included and analyzed. A number of solutions and passways were extracted from the final articles. Solutions for decreasing socioeconomic inequalities in T2D were categorized into 12 main solutions and 63 passways.

Applying identified solutions in diabetes policies and interventions would be recommended for decreasing socioeconomic inequalities in T2D. Also, the passways could be addressed as entry points to help better implementation of diabetic policies.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well-known psychiatric disorder that can occur after a major traumatic event and adversely impact the individual’s mental health. PTSD is a multifaceted mental health problem that requires long periods of treatment and expensive treatment protocols. Despite significant advances in treatment, there is little evidence of the economic burden and social support associated with PTSD. Hence, this study examines empirical research on the economic burden and social support associated with patients with PTSD.

In this study, we used the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guided scoping review protocol to assess the research on the economic burdens and social support associated with PTSD patients. Accordingly, we selected 14 primary research studies examining the economic burden and 17 primary studies examining social support for PTSD patients. 

PTSD patients incur a high economic burden worldwide with huge direct cost variability. Meanwhile, social support is an impactful approach to curbing the impacts of PTSD on patients. This study demonstrated the substantial role of social support in reducing PTSD symptoms and as a significant moderator in the treatment of PTSD patients.

PTSD is a mental health problem associated with a highly variable economic burden on patients and healthcare systems across the globe. In addition, social support facilitates the speedy recovery of PTSD patients. Because of the high economic burden associated with PTSD, the World Health Organization (WHO) should formulate a policy that improves resource allocation specifically for vulnerable individuals with PTSD.

Depression is a significant mental health issue that hinders the recovery of breast cancer patients. The comorbidity of depressive disorders and breast cancer is a complex medical condition. This study aims to examine depression among breast cancer patients in Nigeria.

A scoping review approach was used to explore four databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. Relevant search terms were used, resulting in 50 records. After removing the articles that did not meet the eligibility requirements, 12 records were included in the study.

Depression is commonly experienced by Nigerian breast cancer patients and they are likely to have a lower quality of life, which hinders the recovery process. Psychological interventions such as CBT, psychoeducation, rational emotive behavioral intervention, mHealth and cognitive restructuring were effective in reducing depressive symptoms among Nigerian breast cancer patients.

Depression is a major mental health problem among breast cancer patients in Nigeria. CBT, psychoeducation, mHealth, rational emotive behavioral therapy and cognitive restructuring interventions have been found to be effective psychological methods for treating depression in this patient group. Further studies are needed in the northern parts of the country, as most of the reviewed studies were conducted in the southern parts.

 Non-pharmacological interventions, such as healthy dietary approaches and physical activity, have always been a crucial part of hypertension (HTN) control in clinical practice. These non-pharmacological interventions, however, have never been reviewed in the literature of Arab countries. This review has quantified and evaluated non-pharmacological interventional studies conducted in Arab countries until 2023.

 Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Science Direct, Scopus, ERIC, ProQuest, Springer, Google Scholar, and CINAHL were explored from database inception until September 2023. Articles of relevance were screened based on their titles and abstracts for selection criteria. Eligible studies were reviewed, and information was retrieved. Jadad scores and the Downs and Black checklist were used to evaluate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-experimental studies, respectively.

 A total of 12 RCTs and 5 quasi-experimental studies met the selection criteria. The studied interventions were eHealth applications, educational programs, wet cupping, physical exercise, adherence therapy, green tea, lifestyle interventions, dietary approaches to stop HTN, motivational interviewing, and cold hibiscus beverages. The most commonly used outcome measure was blood pressure. Nine studies scored high quality. The low and neutral quality scores were mainly due to loss of blindness, poor reporting of participants’ characteristics, loss of follow-up, and failure to account for potential confounders.

 There is a scarcity of HTN non-pharmacological interventional studies, aside from the low or modest quality of nearly 50% of them. Hence, it is recommended that further high-quality interventional studies focus on the areas of dietary approaches (especially DASH), exercise, theory-based education, and behavioral counseling in Arab countries.

It is well documented that India is an example of the unequal distribution of dental caries among different population groups, as higher prevalence and incidence have been reported among people with a low socioeconomic level. The objective of this review was to systematically map the scientific literature on the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on dental caries among adults, identify the research gaps in this area, and propose recommendations for future research.

This scoping review was conducted based on the updated framework recommended by Joanna Briggs Institute. Relevant studies undertaken in India were identified by searching Medline/PubMed, EBSCO, and Google Scholar. The search strategy was limited to journal articles published between January 2012 and October 2022. Titles and abstracts were screened, and full texts were reviewed by two reviewers independently. 

The scoping review comprised 7 cross-sectional studies and 1 cohort study. Most reviewed studies used the Kuppuswamy scale or its modifications to assess the SES. Four studies determined the caries status regarding mean values according to SES and reported higher DMFT (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) among the middle and lower-class SES. Three studies employed regression analysis to determine the association, and all found that the DMFT score was significantly associated with socioeconomic status.

The findings of this review confirm the existence of inequalities in caries experience in adults from different socioeconomic backgrounds. More high-quality and follow-up studies are needed to establish the magnitude of the scientific evidence regarding the association between socioeconomic status and dental caries among adults in India.

 Antibiotic resistance is an escalating global health concern, with carbapenems, potent last-line antibiotics, facing increasing resistance and potentially dire consequences. This scoping review sought to consolidate data on carbapenem resistance in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient cohorts as the intricate relationship between HIV and antibiotic resistance remains inadequately understood.

 We employed a scoping review methodology and conducted a comprehensive search across Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane, and PubMed, utilizing specific search terms related to carbapenem resistance and HIV. We extracted and analyzed data, encompassing study design, geographic location, number of HIV-infected participants, CD4 cell counts, specimen types, cultured organisms, carbapenem susceptibility, and comparisons between HIV-infected and uninfected cohorts.

 This review encompassed 15 studies, involving 2365 HIV-infected participants, primarily employing cross-sectional designs, with nine studies conducted in African countries. The most frequently analyzed specimens included urine, stool, and sputum, with Escherichia coli emerging as the most frequently cultured organism. Commonly used carbapenem drugs included imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem, with varying susceptibility patterns. Imipenem and meropenem exhibited sensitivities exceeding 80%, except for one study with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which demonstrated 73% sensitivity. Ertapenem displayed fluctuating sensitivities ranging from 58% to 100% for different bacterial organisms. Only one study reported the colonization of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in HIV-infected patients, with HIV status not significantly influencing CRE carriage. When comparing HIV-infected and uninfected cohorts, four studies found no substantial impact of HIV status on carbapenem resistance.

 In the context of the HIV burden and opportunistic infections, carbapenem resistance demonstrated relatively consistent patterns across most studies comparing HIV-infected and uninfected cohorts. However, the presence of CRE among HIV-infected individuals raises concerns regarding nosocomial infections. The limited reporting of CD4 counts in the included studies necessitates further exploration of potential associations with immune status. E. coli, frequently cultured in these studies, exhibited varying resistance patterns, and the impact of HIV on these patterns remains uncertain. Carbapenem susceptibility displayed variability among different organisms, underscoring the nuanced nature of resistance. As such, this scoping review serves as a foundation for comprehending carbapenem resistance in HIV-infected populations but underscores the necessity for more comprehensive research in this field.

Conflict management skills include the ability of team members to actively use appropriate methods and strategies in different conflict situations. Considering the necessity of effective training in conflict management skills for medical students as a member of healthcare teams, this scoping review study aimed at reviewing the appropriate methods for teaching conflict management to medical students.  

In this scoping review, PubMed, Eric, ProQuest, Web of Science (WoS), and Scopus databases were systematically searched until May 21, 2023. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened separately by 2 researchers. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) tool. Then, a descriptive synthesis was performed, and the results were reported. The Kirkpatrick model was used to evaluate the educational outcomes assessment.  

Out of 2888 retrieved studies, 19 studies were included. Although active and interactive teaching methods such as roleplay, group discussion, and interactive workshops were the most frequently used methods, the results did not pronounce the superiority of one method over others.   

Based on the results of this scoping review, further research should evaluate the effectiveness of conflict management training methods by focusing on the randomized controlled trial design and using standard and valid tools to assess educational outcomes.

Background  Population aging is usually associated with increased health care needs. Developing an age-friendly health system with special features, structure, and functions to meet the special needs of older people and improving their health status and quality of life is essential. This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework for an age-friendly health system, which would offer a conceptual basis for providing the best possible care for older people in health system to let them experience a successful, healthy, and active aging.Methods  A scoping review was used to design the conceptual framework based on Arksey and O’Malley’s model, including six stages, with the final stage of using expert’s opinions to improve and validate the initial framework. The health system model of Van Olmen, was selected as the baseline model for this framework. Then, by reviewing the available evidence, the characteristics of an age-friendly health system were extracted and incorporated in the baseline mode.Results  Using the electronic searching, initially 12 316 documents were identified, of which 140 studies were selected and included in this review study. The relevant data were extracted from the 140 studies by two reviewers independently. Most studies were conducted in 2016-2020, and mostly were from United States (33.6%). To have an age-friendly health system, interventions and changes should be performed in functions, components and objectives of health systems. This system aims to provide evidence-based care through trained workforces and involves older people and their families in health policy-makings. Its consequences include better health acre for older people, with fewer healthcare-related harms, greater care satisfaction and increased use of cost-effective health services.Conclusion  To meet the needs of older people, health systems should make interventions in their functions for better performance. In line with these changes, other parts of society should work in harmony and set the health of older people as a top priority to ensure they can have a successful aging.

Background  Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has been increasingly adopted over the last decade, with the COVID-19 pandemic fostering its rapid development. As RPM implementation is recognised as complex and highly demanding in terms of resources and processes, there are multiple challenges in providing RPM in an integrated logic.Methods  To examine the structural elements that are relevant for implementing RPM integrated care, a scoping review was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, leveraging a search strategy that combines terms relative to (1) conceptual models and real-life initiatives; (2) RPM; and (3) care integration.Results  28 articles were included, covering nine conceptual models and 19 real-life initiatives. Eighteen structural elements of RPM integrated care implementation were identified among conceptual models, defining a structure for assessing real-life initiatives. 78.9% of those initiatives referred to at least ten structural elements, with patient education and self-monitoring promotion, multidisciplinary core workforce, ICTs (information and communications technologies) and telemonitoring (TM) devices, and health indicators measurement being present in all studies, and therefore being core elements to the design of RPM initiatives.Conclusion  RPM goes far beyond technology, with underlying processes and involved actors playing a central role in care provision. The structural elements identified can guide RPM implementation and promote maturity in adoption. Future research may focus on assessing design completeness, evaluating impacts, and analysing related financial arrangements.

Dropout is one of the most important social problems in the world and especially in low‑ and middle‑income countries. Efforts to prevent dropouts require giving due attention to different perspectives for applying them. The present study aims to identify the policies and interventions made in previous studies because reviewing evidence‑based interventions and learning from their strengths and weaknesses is likely to play an effective role in preventing students from leaving school and returning them to school.

This scoping review study conducted on all available studies and documents related to students’ dropout. The study population includes articles searched in electronic sources that contain information related to the subject of dropout and out‑of‑school in primary schools. Appropriate keywords were extracted based on Mesh term and EMTREE and their synonyms and searched by a medical librarian. scientific sources and Gray literature published in Persian and English based on PRISMA standard criteria were reviewed.

A review of studies indicated that various interventions such as student interaction with school, educational interventions on students and teachers, family and local community cooperation, free nutrition, behavioral interventions, financial aid, and free education had positive effects on reducing dropout, absenteeism and encouraging students to return to schools. effect size was not reported for school dropout intervention.

The findings have indicated that intervention with a combination of global and targeted strategies can affect dropout in developing countries. However, to confirm the effectiveness of this type of intervention, further research is required to be conducted in different countries and with different cultures.

A scoping review was conducted to explore all the methods and criteria used in primary research on bruxism diagnosis.

A pre-defined and validated search was carried out in the PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Scopus, PeDro, LILACS, and Epistemonikos databases. Primary studies conducted on bruxism as primary condition in the adult population were included. The selection phases were carried out by peers, and conflicts were resolved by a third reviewer or by consensus. Data extraction and manual tracing were done in order to identify the relevant studies.

The search and selection strategy identified 472 publications, and after manual tracing, 423 studies were selected for analysis. The results on diagnostic methods were grouped into 10 categories. Different subcategories were described within these categories, resulting in a total of 73 diagnostic

physical examination (n=11), questionnaires (n=12), polysomnography (n=13), electromyography (n=5), the International Classification for Sleep Disorders from the American Association of Sleep Medicine (ICSD-AASM) (n=3), intraoral devices (n=10), history (n=7), audio-video recordings (n=3), smartphone applications (n=2), and others (n=7). In addition, the combinations of methods used in the primary research were also analyzed. The prevalence of use was calculated for all diagnostic categories and subcategories, as well as for the combinations.

There was high heterogeneity in primary research regarding the diagnosis of bruxism. There is evidence that not all diagnostic methods are properly validated. Future research should focus on