جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « self-efficacy » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

In this research, the researcher aims to model the adherence of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) based on coping strategies and disease perception with the mediation of self-efficacy and psychological distress.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with CHD. The statistical population included patients with CHD in Isfahan Province, Iran, with the sample consisting of patients referred to Shahid Chamran Hospital in Isfahan City which were selected using purposeful sampling method. Data collection was done through the Adherence in Chronic Diseases Scale (ACDS), the Billings and Moss Coping Strategies Questionnaire, the Lovibond and Lovibond Psychological Distress Questionnaire, and the Cardiovascular Management Self-Efficacy Questionnaire developed by Steca et al. Comparative tests, correlation analysis methods, and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to investigate the relationships between different factors.

Coping strategies affected the adherence to treatment of patients with CHD, both directly and through the mediation of self-efficacy and psychological distress. The SEM method was used to test the mentioned model. The results of the analysis indicated that all the fit indices obtained from the analysis supported the fit of SEM with the compiled data [χ2 (degree of freedom or df = 94) = 157.54, χ2/df = 168, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.959, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.915, adjusted GFI (AGFI) = 0.877, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.056].

It can be concluded that coping strategies have a causal effect on adherence to treatment in patients with CHD with the mediating role of psychological distress and self-efficacy. The model has a good fit.

Spiritual health is defined as an inner and satisfying feeling of being constructive with oneself and others and a feeling of superiority in the specific cultural framework of each society, which means life and death. On the other hand, self-efficacy is one of the results of self-confidence and self-mastery, which always has valuable results in the behavior and performance of people in different fields, especially in the field of treatment and medicine. Based on the evidence, spiritual health, and self-efficacy have a close relationship with cooperation, so the belief in self-efficacy and spirituality can cause it to be in the level of utilization and quality of self-efficacy. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between spiritual health and self-efficacy of medical interns at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.

The method of this research is descriptive of the correlation type and the statistical population of the research includes all medical interns (320 people) studying at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 1402. 176 internship students participated in this study. After obtaining permission, all samples were informed about the purpose of the research. To collect information, Palutzian's (1982) spiritual health questionnaire, which includes 10 religious health questions and 10 existential health questions, and Sherer's (1982) self-efficacy questionnaire, which has 17 items, were used. This scale measures three aspects of behavior, which include: the desire to initiate the behavior, the desire to try harder to complete the task, and resistance to facing obstacles. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire have been proven to be 79% in Barati Bakhtiari's research and 73% in Malek Shahi et al.'s research. The information obtained by Pearson's correlation coefficient method and stepwise regression of the measured item and independent t-test to compare spiritual health and self-efficacy in sex. Male and female were used.

According to demographic data, among the 176 people who entered our study, 103 (58.5%) were male and 73 (41.5%) were female. In this research, 12 people (6.8 percent) had high spiritual health and only 6 people (3.4 percent) had low spiritual health. In general, the students' spiritual scores vary between 30 and 114, and the average was 78.71±34.16. 146 people (84.4%) had high self-efficacy 25 people (14.5%) had medium self-efficacy and finally, only 2 people (1.2%) had low self-efficacy. The self-efficacy score of the participants in the present study is between 0 and 85 with an average of 60.11±12.38. There is a significant relationship between the religious part and the existential part of spiritual health with self-efficacy (P=0.001 and P<0.000, respectively). In addition, the results of the independent t-test showed that the spiritual health of female interns is higher than that of men. However, in the self-efficacy component, female interns scored lower than male interns.

Considering the meaningful correlation between spiritual health and self-efficacy, it is appropriate to design spiritual education through the elements of spiritual curriculum in educational curricula, which will lead to the development of all-round learning. In medical education, to improve the level of self-efficacy of interns, it is possible to use the strengthening of the belief base, and it is also suggested to hold training courses to improve spiritual well-being and self-efficacy beliefs along with providing appropriate educational content.

Exploring different intervention methods is crucial to improve the selfefficacy of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

This study aimed to assess the effects of face-to-face and distance education on the self-efficacy of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

In the current quasi-experimental study, 180 hemodialysis patients from Imam Reza Kermanshah Hospital in 2021 were chosen through convenience sampling and then randomly divided into three groups: Face-to-face training, telephone follow-up, and control. The face-to-face training group participated in 8 sessions, each lasting 45 minutes. The telephone follow-up group received the same educational content twice a week for four weeks, delivered through face-to-face training with phone calls lasting 10 to 15 minutes. After the training concluded, demographic information (age, gender, marital status, number of children, education, occupation, financial support), disease specifics (duration of illness, number of dialysis sessions), and self-efficacy questionnaires were filled out by all three groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23 software, utilizing paired t-test, analysis of covariance, and one-way analysis of variance, with a significance level of 0.05.

The paired t-test showed a significant difference in mean self-efficacy score before the intervention across all three groups (P<0.001). After the intervention, covariance analysis, accounting for pre-intervention self-efficacy score, found that patients in the face-to-face training group had an average of 38.09 units higher than those in the control group, whereas patients in the non-attendance group had an average of 43.05 units higher than the control group. These disparities in self-efficacy scores were statistically significant (P<0.001)

Tele-nursing, when combined with face-to-face training, is effective in enhancing the self-efficacy of patients.

Correct clinical decision-making has a significant impact on the treatment process, achieving the expected clinical outcome and increasing patient satisfaction, and identifying the factors affecting it is essential for evidence-based medical education. This study aimed to determine the relationship between evidence-based medicine with academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy of medical students.

This descriptive analytical study conducted from October 2022 to October 2023 on 45 medical students at Abadan University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining consent from the students and registering demographic and educational information, data collection was performed using evidence-based medicine, academic self-efficacy, and research self-efficacy questionnaires. Then data analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and regression model in SPSS.

The findings of our study showed that research self-efficacy in students who had research experience (189.03) was significantly higher than students who did not have research experience (140.76).  In addition, the average score of academic and research self-efficacy and evidence-based medicine in students who had a history of membership in the student research committee was significantly higher than students who did not have a history of membership. Finally, it was found that evidence-based medicine had a direct and significant relationship with research self-efficacy (r=0.361, P<0.05) and academic self-efficacy (r=0.457, P<0.001). In examining the relationship between academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy, it was also found that these two variables have a direct and significant relationship with each other (r=0.714, P<0.001). As well as, there was no significant relationship between academic self-efficacy, research self-efficacy, and understanding the characteristics of evidence-based practice with any of the variables of age, gender and entry year (P>0.05).

 According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy have an effect on evidence-based medicine, and all of the above can be improved by teaching  medical students to participate in student research committees and doing research work. In this way, it improves the quality of treatment in doctors.

Management of symptoms and disease progression in nephrotic syndrome requires self-care. Self-care is closely related to self-efficacy. Individuals with higher self-efficacy believe they are more successful in self-care, thus engage more in treatment activities and ultimately achieve better outcomes. This study aimed to determine the effect of self-care education based on Orem's theory on self-efficacy of children with nephrotic syndrome.

In this experimental study, 72 children aged 7-18 years with nephrotic syndrome who referred to Mofid Hospital were consecutively selected and then randomly assigned to two groups: intervention and control. Data collection tools included a demographic information questionnaire and the Self-Efficacy for Children Questionnaire (SEQ-C). The intervention consisted of self-care education based on Orem's self-care model, which was conducted in two 60-minute face-to-face training sessions. The control group received routine care and did not receive any new intervention. Data were collected at the beginning of the study and one month after the end of the intervention. The results were entered into SPSS software version 23. Finally, the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests including mean, standard deviation, percentage, frequency, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney, independent t-test, and Wilcoxon.

At the end of the study, data of 60 participants were analyzed. The two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables (P>0.05). The mean self-efficacy score in the intervention and control groups before the intervention was 64.50 ± 18.42 and 64.76 ± 19.02, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). One month after the intervention, the mean self-efficacy score in the intervention group increased to 76.10 ± 14.67 and in the control group to 65.06 ± 17.04, and the mean self-efficacy between the two groups showed a significant difference (P<0.05).

Self-care education based on Orem's model is effective in promoting self-efficacy in children with nephrotic syndrome. It is recommended that healthcare providers use Orem's model in self-care education for children with chronic diseases

Spiritual well-being stands out as a crucial element of human health that enhances an individual's adaptive capacity. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between spiritual health and self-efficacy among nursing students at a military university in Tehran.

This cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical) study was carried out in the years 2022-23 at a military nursing school. A total of 220 undergraduate nursing students were selected through a census method, with 190 students ultimately participating in the study. Data were collected using an individual characteristics questionnaire, the Ellison and Paltzion Spiritual Health Questionnaire, and the Sherer General Self-Efficacy Questionnaire.

The average scores for spiritual health (75.27±6.72) and self-efficacy (47.92±6.5) among nursing students fell within the moderate range. A positive and statistically significant relationship was observed between the spiritual health and self-efficacy of nursing students (r=0.313, p<0.001). Additionally, a positive correlation was found between self-efficacy and both educational semester (r=0.238, p=0.001) and age (r=0.248, p=0.001). However, no significant relationship was identified between spiritual health and any of the students’ individual variables.

The findings of this study underscore the significance of spiritual health in bolstering the self-efficacy of nursing students. It is therefore recommended to focus on promoting spiritual health among nursing students as a means to enhance their self-efficacy.

The locus of control (LOC) refers to the extent to which an individual believes they can influence events in their life and their academic self-efficacy. It represents a person's confidence in their ability to succeed. LOC plays a significant role in university programs and various aspects of student behavior. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between LOC and academic self-efficacy among nursing students at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2024.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2024 among 217 nursing students at Gonabad University of Medical Sciences. Data collection tools included two questionnaires based on Rotter's locus of control and Owen and Froman's academic self-efficacy. Data analysis employed the correlation coefficient and Student's T-test, with a significance level set at P < 0.05.

The results showed that male students had a higher external locus of control than female students. A significant and negative relationship was found between LOC and academic self-efficacy using Pearson's test (p = 0.001). Additionally, the independent t-test revealed no significant difference in LOC between the two genders (p = 0.920) and no significant difference in academic self-efficacy between the two genders (p = 0.251).

The locus of control is a significant and negative predictor of academic self-efficacy. Therefore, it is recommended that university planners pay special attention to strategies that promote an internal locus of control among students to enhance their academic self-efficacy.

Research has shown that stuttering has a negative impact on a person's overall vitality and emotional, social, and psychological health, potentially leading to a reduction in the quality of life of adults who stutter; So, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy based on mindfulness on social anxiety, self-efficacy and quality of life of adults with stuttering with a psycholinguistic approach.

Methods and Materials:

 The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all adult men with stuttering who referred to psychological clinics in Mashhad in 1402. Among these people, 30 people were selected by available sampling and according to the entry and exit criteria. In addition, they were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). participants in the pre-test and post-test stages of social anxiety scales; World Health Organization quality of life short form; They completed the self-efficacy questionnaire. The experimental group received the cognitive behavioral therapy program based on mindfulness in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group was subjected to regular daily training. Data analysis was done using SPSS-24 software and multivariate analysis of covariance test, following statistical assumptions.

The results showed that training based on cognitive behavioral therapy based on mindfulness is significantly effective on social anxiety, self-efficacy and quality of life of adults with stuttering (P<0.05).

According to the research results, it is possible to help improve social anxiety, self-efficacy, and quality of life of adults with stuttering through cognitive behavioral therapy based on mindfulness.

The birth of a premature baby is unexpected for mothers, and they experience negative emotions such as anxiety after it, which causes a decrease in self-efficacy. This study aimed to assess the impact of Emmons's gratitude support-educational program on the anxiety and self-efficacy of mothers with premature infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Hajar Hospital, Shahrekord, Iran.

A semi-experimental study was conducted on 41 mothers of premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit of Hajar Hospital. Participants were selected using the convenience method and divided into two intervention and control groups. The control group's sampling took one month, while the intervention group's sampling took five months. To minimize bias, the control group was sampled before the intervention group. At three point included the beginning, immediately after the intervention, and one month after the intervention, both mothers groups completed Beck's anxiety and Barnes self-efficacy questionnaires. The intervention group underwent nine sessions, while the control group received no intervention. Emmons's gratitude program reduces negative symptoms and increases positive emotions by using the technique of gratitude and remembering blessings. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests (chi-square, two-sample independent t, Fisher's exact test, and repeated measurements) in SPSS statistical software version 25 with a significance level of less than 0.05.

There was no statistically significant difference in the mean score of mothers' anxiety (P = 0.67) and their self-efficacy (P = 0.16) between the two groups before the intervention. Immediately after the intervention and during the follow-up period, the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in mothers' mean anxiety and self-efficacy scores (P<0.001). Analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that the impact of time on the mean score of anxiety and self-efficacy was significant in the intervention group (P<0.001).

Based on the intervention's effectiveness in reducing anxiety and improving self-efficacy, it is recommended that managers and health planners take the necessary steps to train personnel in using Emmons' gratitude method to enhance the well-being of mothers with premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit.

Mindfulness training is useful for strengthening and improving learning prerequisites. Based on this, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of web-based mindfulness training on academic self-regulation, self-confidence and self-efficacy of nursing students.

This study was conducted with a semi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test stages and experimental and control groups. The statistical population of all nursing students of Mazandaran Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2021-2022, which was assigned in a targeted way, 40 people in two experimental groups (20 people) and control group (20 people). The measurement tools were the self-regulation questionnaires of Bouffard et al., the self-confidence of Mehri et al., and the self-efficacy of Sherer and Maddox. In order to analyze the data, descriptive tests such as mean, standard deviation, and one- and two-variable covariance analysis tests were used.

The findings showed that at the confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05), mindfulness training was effective on each of the variables of academic self-regulation, self-confidence and self-efficacy of nursing students, and the first effect on self-efficacy (size effect: 0.91), then on academic self-regulation (effect size: 0.71) and finally on self-confidence (effect size: 0.39).

Mindfulness training is one of the effective ways to increase the level of academic self-regulation, self-confidence and self-efficacy of nursing students.

Parents of children with phenylketonuria experience a significant care burden due to the provision of continuous care. It will be easier to bear if parents are self-efficacious in providing care. Follow-up care can be supportive in this regard. This study was conducted to determine the effect of implementing the continuous care model on the self-efficacy and care burden of parents with a child with phenylketonuria.

The present study is a semi-experimental study that was conducted in 2019 at the clinic of Amin Shahr Hospital in Isfahan. 72 parents of children with phenylketonuria were first selected by the available method and randomly assigned to two groups of 36 people, test and control. In the test group, the follow-up care model was implemented in four months. The control group received the usual training. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire, Zarit care pressure, and Domka parental self-efficacy, which the participants answered before and one month after the study.

In the test group, the average self-efficacy after the study was significantly higher than before, but there was no significant difference in the control group (P < 0.05). The average self-efficacy before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups. The average care burden after the intervention was significantly lower than before in the test group, but there was no significant difference in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the average care burden before the intervention. Still, after the intervention in the test group, it was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).

The implementation of follow-up care for parents with a child with phenylketonuria increases self-efficacy and reduces the burden of care. Therefore, it is suggested to use this model during discharge for this target group.

<span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,">Introduction</span></span></span>: The unexpected and unprecedented crisis of the Covid-19 epidemic and little information about how this epidemic can affect the mental health of medical and nursing students has made it necessary to investigate the variables of the mental health of this group.</span></span></span> This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of emotional self-efficacy in the relationship between the fear of covid-19 contagion and the mental health of medical students.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,">Methods</span></span></span>: The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical society of the study was made up of all students of Birjand University of Medical Sciences (N=4000) in the academic year of 2021-2022. The research sample consisted of 436 students who were selected by convenience sampling method and answered the questionnaire of fear of covid-19 contagion, emotional self-efficacy scale and mental health questionnaire.</span></span></span> Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method and with the help of SPSS version 24 and LISREL 8.8 statistical software.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,">Results</span></span></span>: The findings showed that the direct path of fear of covid-19 contagion to emotional self-efficacy was negative and significant (p< 0.01) and to mental health was positive and significant (p< 0.05).</span></span></span> The direct path of emotional self-efficacy to mental health was negative and significant (p< 0.01).</span> In addition, it was found that the indirect relationship between fear of covid-19 contagion and mental health in medical students is mediated by emotional self-efficacy (GFI= 0.97, CFI= 0.99, IFI= 0.98, NNFI= 0.98, RMSEA= 0.039).</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,">Conclusion</span></span></span>: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the effect of fear of covid-19 contagion on the mental health in medical students is moderated by emotional self-efficacy.</span></span></span> The findings have practical applications in the field of education of medical students during epidemic periods.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
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