جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The growing population of the elderly in recent decades has made it necessary to pay special attention to the concept of wisdom as an effective ability. However, experts believe that wisdom includes knowledge, insight, reflection, combining one's interests with the well-being of others. For this purpose, the present study was Desighning of Wisdom model based on positive and negative emotion and spiritual intelligence mediated attitude to death in the elderly.

The present study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all people over 60 years of age in Semnan in the first half of 1400. From the mentioned statistical population, 200 people were selected by available sampling method and participated in this research. For data collection from the three dimensional wisdom scale, Postive Affect and Negative Affect Scales, Abdollahzadeh et al.'s Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, and The Death Attitude Profile- Revised Wong et al. were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation analysis were used to analyze the data.

The results of correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between wisdom and the component of positive emotion and a negative and significant relationship with negative emotion (p <0.01). Between wisdom and positive and significant spiritual intelligence was obtained (p <0.01). Also, a positive and significant relationship was found between wisdom with active acceptance and a negative and significant relationship with acceptance of escape, fear of death and avoidance of death (p <0.01). But there was no significant relationship between wisdom and neutral acceptance (p> 0.01). The findings of the present study showed that the tested model has a good fit. The direct effects of positive and negative emotion and spiritual intelligence on positive wisdom were significant (p <0.05). Also, the indirect effect of spiritual intelligence through the mediating role of attitude toward death on wisdom was positive and significant (p <0.05).

This model can be a good model for identifying the factors affecting wisdom in the elderly and its results can be used in planning to increase wisdom.

Fibromyalgia is a common chronic pain disorder. Various psychological treatments have been somewhat effective in reduction of symptoms severity and increasing mental health of these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy on pain catastrophizing and depression of women with fibromyalgia.

This was an experimental single-blind clinical trial study with pretest – posttest design and control group. The statistical population included all women with fibromyalgia who referred to rheumatology specialists in Ardabil within 2019. The subjects were 36 patients with fibromyalgia who were selected based on convenience sampling and were randomly divided into experimental (N=18) and control (N=18) group. Patients were evaluated by two questionnaires including Pain Catastrophizing Scale and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA.

There was a significant difference in pain catastrophizing and depression between the acceptance and commitment group and the control group after treatment.

Psychological therapies can be effective in reducing symptoms severity and improve the mental health of women with fibromyalgia and it is necessary to pay attention to the psychological status of these patients.

Fibromyalgia syndrome is a chronic condition associated with widespread musculoskeletal pain that primarily affects women and has negative impact on psychosocial aspects of one’s life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of group acceptance and commitment therapy on perceived stress and pain perception in women with fibromyalgia.

This was an experimental single-blind clinical trial study with pretest – posttest design on control group. The statistical population included all women with fibromyalgia who referred to rheumatology specialists in Ardabil in 2019. The subjects were 36 patients with fibromyalgia who were selected based on convenience sampling and were randomly divided into one experimental (N=18) and one control (N=18) group. Patients were evaluated by two questionnaires including Cohen’s perceived Stress Scale and MC Gill Pain Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA.

Result showed that there was a significant difference in perceived stress and pain perception between acceptance and commitment group and control group after treatment.

Group acceptance and commitment therapy might be effective in reducing psychological problems in women with fibromyalgia.

Death due to violence (Homicide) is a heinous situation for social health. The purpose of the study was to identify the demographic characteristics and geographical distribution of homicide in Iran over the years 2011-2017.

This longitudinal and descriptive study was performed using secondary data analysis. The total mortality data for homicide resulting from the years 2011 to 2017 were extracted from the Civil Registration Organization and based on the international classification of the cause of death (ICD10). The population of each province to calculate the death rate in the population was taken from the general census of population and housing in both 2011 and 2016. All data were by gender, age, season and province. Using homicide death rate the geographic distribution was compared, and sex composition was compared by sex ratio of the rate, and difference of the rate for the changes over time, and [YLL] was used to analyze the age composition and impact of homicide on the population.

Between 2011 and 2017, an average of 1,360 murders was recorded annually in the country. The homicide rate was declining during the period, especially for women. In 2016, the homicide rate for men was 7.7 times that for women. Seasonally, the lowest and highest rates of homicide among young men were in winter and spring, respectively.

Death due to homicide in young men is a threat to social health and leads to years of lost life in the workforce. The high level in low-income provinces with ethnic subcultures requires regional programs to reduce this problem in the country. Special programs need to be implemented to fill young people's leisure time, especially in high-risk areas.

Anger rumination is a recurring cognitive process and is one of the internal manifestations of anger that leads to increased and persistent anger in individuals. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between emotion regulation and mindfulness with the ruminant anger of perpetrators of violent crimes.

The present study is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all male prisoners prisoners aged 18-50 in Ahvaz in 1396 who had committed violent crimes (256 people), of which 150 were selected by available sampling method. Data collection tools were Freiburg's Mindfulness Questionnaires, Cognitive Emotion Search, and Anger. Following the issuance of the necessary permits and the consent of the prison authorities, the objectives of the investigation were presented to all participants and the questionnaires were distributed by the prison staff. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation matrix and step-by-step regression analysis in SPSS 26 software.

The age range of the 150 men in the study who committed violent crimes ranged from 18 to over 50 (average 36 years). The results of the correlation coefficient showed that there was a significant correlation between negative emotion regulation strategies and significant negative correlation (p<0.05) and negative anger regulation strategies with anger ruminants (p<0.01). Also, positive emotion regulation strategies were positively and significantly correlated with mindfulness (p<0.01). Although there was a negative relationship between positive emotion regulation strategies and anger rumination, this relationship was not significant. The results of regression analysis also showed that negative emotion regulation strategies could significantly predict rumination.

The results of this study show the importance and necessity of paying attention to rumination as an effective factor in violent crimes. Identifying this psychological structure can be considered an important step in preventing violent crimes.

Addiction is a factor of despair, lack of return to life and a social, cultural and psychological problem in women consumers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based forgiveness on life expectancy in female drug addicts in Zahedan, Iran.

This semi-experimental study of pre-post experimental type with control group in compulsory residential accommodation centers in Zahedan, Iran was conducted in the summer of 2018. Among these individuals, 30 female addicts who were eligible for study were randomly selected and randomly assigned to two groups of 15 individuals. All participants completed the Schneider Life Hope Questionnaire in the pre-test phase. For the experimental group, the training sessions were held for 6 60-minute sessions and were group-trained for one month based on mindfulness-based forgiveness. In this study, one-way analysis of covariance under SPSS 24 software was used to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.

The mean age of 15 participants in the experimental and control groups was 33.3±8.3 and 34.0±9.3, respectively. The mean life expectancy scores of the experimental group increased significantly in the post-test (36.67±7.26) compared to the pre-test (30.20±8.60). However, no significant difference was observed in the pretest (30.53±9.05) and post-test (31.33±7.17) control group. There was a significant difference between the mean life expectancy in the experimental and control groups (F=13.716; p<0.001). By eliminating the effect of pre-test scores on the adjusted average life expectancy by group, there was a significant difference in the post-test phase. The averages increased after the pre-test effect was removed after the test, and the adjusted life expectancy averages for the experimental and control groups were 33.77 and 31.22, respectively, indicating the effect of mindfulness-based life expectancy training on pre-test life on adjusted averages.

Mindfulness-based forgiveness training can have a positive effect on life expectancy in female addicts.

In today's society, dissatisfaction with body image has increased dramatically among young people due to the emphasis on the criteria of physical appearance as a criterion for attractiveness and social acceptance. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of social support in the relationship between psychological capital and body image in military students.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in 2018-19 among all students studying for bachelor and master degrees at the University of Police in Tehran, Iran. Using the available sampling method, 300 people were selected as samples and answered social support questionnaires, psychological capital, and body image. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and path analysis in SPSS 25 software.

The results showed that in psychological capital, the component of self-efficacy had a negative relationship and the components of hope and optimism had a positive and significant relationship with the perception of social support from friends, family and others. Also, psychological capital and social support had a positive and significant relationship with students' satisfaction with body image.

Psychological capital in students plays a decisive role in body image. Also, high social support can have a positive effect on people's attitudes toward themselves.

Previous case reports suggest a relationship between methamphetamine abuse/dependence and aortic dissection. Acute aortic dissection is an uncommon disorder which can have fatal results in the event of treatment delay or misdiagnosis. Methamphetamine is a sympathomimetic amine that affects multiple organ systems. Cardiovascular complications are the second most common cause of death in methamphetamine abusers.

A 51-year-old man presented hospital in Tehran on May 2019 with chest pain following methamphetamine abuse. He was referred to the acute unit in the emergency department with suspicion of acute coronary syndrome. The patient has a 20 year history of methamphetamine abuse and hypertension. He had been prescribed losartan for hypertension. Upon examination, the patient’s blood pressure was 160/90 mmHg, pulse rate was 90 beats per minute, respiratory rate was 17 breaths per minute and his temperature was 37.2°C. A reduced pulse was observed in the left femoral, popliteal and dorsalis pedis arteries. His electrocardiogram revealed only sinus tachycardia without any changes. D-dimer was detected (10000 unit). Urine analysis was positive for methamphetamine. CT angiography was carried out and revealed an aortic dissection (Type A). An emergency heart operation was performed and the patient made a successful recovery.

This case demonstrated the importance of conducting a thorough physical examination and establishing an accurate medical history. Failure to recognize the reduced leg pulse, or history of methamphetamine use or hypertension, could have led to a fatal misdiagnosis.

High-risk driving behaviors are of the factors that increase road accidents and casualties, which are very costly for the community and endanger the safety of the community. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mental health components and high-risk driving behaviors among intercity drivers on the Tabriz-Ahar road, Iran.

This study is a correlation-predictive type that was conducted among all drivers of Tabriz-Ahar road who had at least two years of driving experience in 2018. A sample of 100 people from 130 intercity drivers was selected through available sampling method. Data collection tools were the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire with a reliability of 0.96 and a validity of 0.81, and the General Health Questionnaire with a reliability of 0.84 to 0.92 and a validity of 0.55. Data analysis was performed using multiple regression analysis with simultaneous method in the form of SPSS 20 software.

The present study was performed on 100 male drivers with an average age of 38.56±2.80 years. The mean scores of mental health components and high-risk behaviors among drivers were below average, and the findings showed that the relationship between the components of physical symptoms, anxiety, social functioning and depression with high-risk driving behaviors was significant (p<0.05). Mental health components were able to predict high-risk driving behaviors, and these four indicators together explained 69.7% of the variance of the high-risk driving behavior index.

High-risk behaviors can be predicted by physical symptoms, anxiety, depression, and social dysfunction.

Following the first recorded case of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019, the disease, via human to human transmission, quickly spread around the world and raised global concern, as it was declared a pandemic by WHO. Adoption and control of preventive measures in many countries has not been successful and led to the development and spread of the crisis. In addition to the ministry of health and medical personnel, military and police forces have also taken action to deal with counteracting and handling the crisis caused by the prevalence of COVID-19 in Iran and some other countries. They aided people and the ministry of health in actions such as clearing and disinfecting passages, securing medical centers, protecting sensitive centers and national vaccine or drug depots, enforcing quarantine or travel restrictions, maintaining public order, controlling gatherings, using thermal cameras, and protecting the community in cyberspace.

In the crisis caused by the outbreak of COVID-19, the health and lives of military and law enforcement personnel are at risk as well as home health advocates. So people need to have more empathy and interaction with these treatment personnel and staff to manage the crisis. Now that the most realistic way of dealing with the crisis and limiting the spread of COVID-19 is to stay home and maintain voluntary quarantine, people need to be extremely cooperative.

A DNA mixture is an example of at least two individuals having the genetic material mixed together. In criminal cases related to rape or murder, several individuals have been mixed together in crime scenes through sperm, blood, and etc. Identifying the number of people in a mixed DNA sample is very effective in solving criminal cases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the limitations of identity kits for the identification of more than one person's mixed blood samples.

This pilot study was conducted at a medical genetic laboratory in Tehran, Iran in 2018-19. The 17 blood mixtures of relatives and non-relatives were combined and then amplified using an identity recognition kit containing 17 STR markers. The number of alleles in each locus was read by XL 3130 Genetic Analyzer to calculate the genotype of the samples and the number of alleles at each specific site and the number of individuals from each blood mix. Samples were analyzed using Gene Mapper 4.1 software.

Maximum four, six, six and four alleles were observed in the samples of a mixture of two, three and four unrelated and three unrelated individuals, respectively. As a result, it was not possible to accurately detect the number of individuals involved in the samples of more than three individuals using kits with a maximum of 17 markers.

One of the major limitations of conventional STR kits with up to 17 STR markers is the identification of more than three individuals in mixed samples. This limitation is much greater for mixed samples in which individuals are related.

Secondary Traumatic Stress (STS) is defined as the subsequent behavioral and emotional consequences of knowing that a traumatic event is experienced by an important person in life. Confronting these psychiatric conditions, possessing the traits and empowering internal resources on one hand and the presence of problems affecting the quality of life of hidden trauma victims on the other hand, can lead to different outcomes in traumatic stress disorder sufferers. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to design and develop a model related to the antecedents and psychological consequences of secondary traumatic stress disorder in veterans ‘spouses.

This descriptive study is a correlation study that deals with the modeling of structural relationships based on the partial least squares method. The study population consisted of 152 spouses of war veterans (women) with secondary traumatic stress disorder in Kermanshah province, Iran. Participants were included in the study through available sampling. Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire, Short Form of Sexual Self-Esteem Index (validated by Farrokhi and Fluid), Reiss et al. Self-Success Questionnaire, Ego Power Psychological Scale, and Secondary Injury Scale (validated by Rezapour Mirsaleh and Ahmadi) were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25 and Smart PLS 3.2.8 statistical methods, coefficients of coefficient and regression coefficient and data model fit indices.

The fitting of the proposed model in the present study, from its structural dimension based on F2<0.15, Q2<0.002 and R2<0.33, and from the general dimension with respect to GoF=0.650 indicates strong fit in dimension. It was a whole model. T-Value<1.97 and coefficients of β path showed a significant and causal relationship between variables except ego power path with β=-0.009 and T-value=0.155.

Secondary traumatic stress disorder is influenced by personality traits (ego strength and self-esteem) and also affects sleep quality and sexual self-esteem. In addition, the results indicated that the conceptual model under study had acceptable empirical support for data fitting.

One of the most important issues in the blood supply chain is meeting the demand for hospitals' blood supply, which becomes more sensitive in times of crisis. Given that access to blood supply is often restricted in critical situations due to a sudden increase in demand, the supply chain is in severe trouble during and after the crisis. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting blood donation by donors in the blood supply chain under critical conditions.

This descriptive-survey study was performed on all blood donors in Mazandaran, Iran province during the first four months of 2018. Using cluster sampling method, 384 samples were selected. Data were collected using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling in SPSS 20 and LISREL 8.50 software.

In this study, 92.97% of 384 persons were male and the age group of 31-40 years with the frequency of 36.20% had the highest age range. Evaluation of the research model showed that all fit indices were within acceptable range. Factor loadings for variable effects of advertising and informing, motivation, awareness and subjective norms on blood donation in crisis conditions were 0.98 (t=10.31), 0.80 (t=9.45), 0.66 (t=8.60) and 0.57 (t=4.75) were estimated. Therefore, advertising and information had the greatest impact on blood donation by donors in critical conditions.

The results showed that advertising, motivation, subjective norms, and donor awareness have a positive and direct effect on blood supply in the crisis supply chain, and advertising and informing have the most impact.

Substance use disorder is a problem that causes serious familial conflicts. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on increasing intimacy and marital adjustment of patients with substance use disorders.

This quasi-experimental study with pre and post-test design with one month control and follow-up was performed on all addict patients referring to Tehran, Iran Nouandisheh Drug Abuse Center during winter of 2018. 30 samples were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two 15-people groups of experimental and control. Data were collected using Walker and Thompson Marital Intimacy Scale and Spanier Marital Adjustment Questionnaire. All participants completed pre-test, intimacy scale and adjustment questionnaire. The experimental group participated in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy sessions, and a week later, the post-test was held in both groups. A month later, follow-up test was performed in both groups. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance and repeated measures ANOVA.

In the experimental group, the subjects' marital intimacy scores 34.53±12.20 and marital adjustment 33.73±11.95 after intervention were 60.40±16.59 and 56.46±13.21, respectively increased (p<0.05). This increase did not apply to the control group (p<0.05). Effect size also indicated that about 581% of marital intimacy and 0.414% of marital adjustment in the experimental group were affected by acceptance and commitment therapy. There was a significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up of the experimental group in the intimacy index (F=54.035; p<0.01) and marital adjustment (F=26.988; p<0.01).

Acceptance and commitment therapy continuously increase intimacy and compatibility of couples with substance use disorders

The Electronic Health Record (EHR) plays an important role in improving quality care for patients, especially in times of crisis and meeting needs and expectations. The use of cloud computing features in the implementation of electronic health records facilitates faster access to this goal. The present study aimed to prioritize the features of cloud computing in implementing electronic health records in crisis situations.

This applied-analytical study was conducted in 2019. The sample size of the study was 45 people who were selected by purposeful sampling from experts in health information management, medical informatics and health information technology from All Iran's universities of Medical Sciences. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing the attributes of cloud computing. Content validity coefficient was 0.80 and content validity index was 0.90. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated and confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85. In this study, based on the hierarchical analysis method and the hierarchical structure in it, the criteria were first compared and prioritized, and then in each criterion, the sub-criteria were compared and prioritized. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hierarchical analysis by SPSS 21.0 and Expert Choice 11 software.

Out of 45 questionnaires distributed among experts, 40 were answered with 88.88%. Of the nine criteria and 30 sub-criteria examined, security and confidentiality weighed 0.30, followed by error reduction and quality improvement of 0.15, among other major criteria for cloud computing features in executing an electronic health record as the most important feature. Were recognized. The least significant of them were cost and ability to search and extract information with weights of 0.045 and 0.048, respectively.

In this study, the features of cloud computing in Iran are prioritized and evaluated, the most important of which is confidentiality and security. Therefore, in cases where it is not possible to select all of these features, the most appropriate and efficient feature is selected in different situations.