جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "پرولاکتین" در نشریات گروه "دامپزشکی"

Gill chloride cells and prolactin hormone are of high importance in the adaptation of euryhaline fish. Guldenstati (Chalcalburnus chalcoides, 1772), an adromous fish, migrates from the Caspian Sea to rivers to have a more successful reproduction. The present study was aimed to evaluate the changes in the number and size of C. chalcoides gill chloride cells as well as to determine the relationship of its plasma prolactin with water salinity. Eighty-four individual C. chalcoides were collected from river (Lale Roud; 0.4 ppt), Lale Roud estuary (3.75 ppt), and Caspian Sea (9.71 ppt). The sampling was lasted for a-12 month period in 2014. The highest (1349±152) and lowest (881±37) number of gill chloride cells were observed in the animals collected from the Caspian Sea and in the river (Lale Roud), respectively. However, plasma prolactin demonstrated the highest level in C. chalcoides caught from the river (0.89±0.02 ng ml-1), but the lowest amount (0.70±0.03 ng ml-1) in the ones collected from the Caspian Sea. Overall, these results suggest that C. chalcoides migration across its habitats is an energy consuming ecological behavior, and the fish consumes high energy just after breeding and while returning to the Caspian Sea.

The induction and regulation of broodiness is of the most important role of prolactin in avian species. The promoter region of the prolactin gene is an appropriate model for studying tissue-specific and hormonally-regulated activation of gene transcription. In this study، the association between prolactin promoter region alleles and egg production in Fars native chickens was investigated. In total، 100 laying hens، randomly selected from the flock of the Breeding Center for Fars Native Chicken، were genotyped for two single nucleotide polymorphisms (C-2161G and C-2402T)، one 24-bp insertion-deletion at the site -358. The observed genotypic frequencies in the C-2161G site were CC (0. 437)، CG (0. 435) and GG 0. 101). Two alleles were found for the SNP of C-2402T with frequency of 0. 34 for T and 0. 66 for C. The 24-bp insertiondeletion at the site -358 was shown to be polymorph in the studied sample، with the observed genotyping frequency of 0. 417 in II، 0. 457 in ID and 0. 126 in DD. Significant relationship was found between the SNPs and insertion-deletion genotypes with egg production (P<0. 01).

Prolactin is mainly secreted by the anterior pituitary and is able to stimulate mammary gland development and lactation in mammalians. Although prolactins share a common ancestral gene encoding، they show species specific characteristics and their efficiency may be different in various mammals. The importance of protein structures of all sequences of this hormone have been studied by various bioinformatics algorithms. The results showed bioinformatics tools and modeling methods can be used to identify the species specificity of prolactin hormones in animals with an acceptable precision rate. Based on the author’s knowledge، this is the first report on the structural variation of prolactin hormones by specific structural protein features. Gain ratio model acquired the best accuracy and performance among the algorithms applied here and can be used on similar proteins. The counts and the frequencies of dipeptides were the most important protein attributes in this regard. It has also been reported here that feature selection or attribute weighting can be used to select the most important protein attributes and to reduce the burden of processing equipment. The new findings presented here open up new windows in understanding the characteristics of prolactin hormones and also pave the way to engineer more efficient hormones by using various mutagenesis tools such as site directed mutagenesis.