جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « apis mellifera » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Hyperactivity of the immune system due to the insertion of allergens into the living body has been known as an allergic reaction. Some substances, such as pollen grains, insects' venom, house dust mite, foods, and medicines, can induce allergic responses. Therefore, this study was designed to shed light on the role of gender and age in allergic reactions resulting from some organic and chemical allergens. A total of 200 individuals participated in this study, including 70 males and 130 females. A skin test was performed by subcutaneously injecting allergens, namely amoxicillin, cefotaxine, gentamicin, Vespula spp., and Apis mellifera. All the chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich unless otherwise stated. The spot of injection was sterilized by ethyl alcohol (70%) and well dried; subsequently, 0.05 mL of each allergen (antigen) was injected via a 1-mL medical syringe. The results showed that 140 cases were allergic. Anti-cefotaxine occupied the highest percentage among the studied drug allergens. The highest percentage of males (37.5%) that were allergic was at the age range of 28-35 years, whereas the highest percentage of females (18.5%) that were allergic was at the age range of 17-27 years. Sensitivity to amoxicillin accounted for 12.5% of males at the age range of 28-37 years and 3.7% of females at the age range of 17-27 years. Gentamicin triggered the highest percentage of sensitivity in 12.5% and 7.4% of males and females aged 48-57 years and 17-27 years, respectively. The results showed that honey bees had the highest percentage of total sensitivity at 40%. The highest sensitivity rate stood at 37.5% in males at the age range of 28-37 years and 18.5% in females at the age range of 17-27 years. Wasps recorded a total sensitivity rate of 17.1%, with the highest percentage at 37.5% in males who were aged 17-27 years and 3.7% in females at the age ranges of 17-27 and 48-57 years. The results of the statistical analysis indicated that there were significant (P≤0.05) differences for all allergens that were studied regarding gender and age.

Bee venom contains various biomolecules, such as enzymes, peptides, and amines. The immune sys-tem produces IgG antibodies against bee venom proteins. However, IgE antibodies may also be developed in allergic individuals.

In this study, immune responses, including IgG and IgE reactions to bee venom were assessed in vari-ous individuals, using the immunoblotting technique.

Serum samples were collected from 20 people of three major groups, namely beekeepers, allergic individu-als, and normal people. Venom samples of honey bees and wild bees were collected from the suburbs of Tehran, Iran. Furthermore, commercial honey bee venom samples extracted from Apis mellifera and samples of wild bees extracted from Polistes and Vespula were purchased from France. Immunoblotting was carried out using the sera of subjects and anti-human IgG and IgE coupled to horseradish peroxidase.

The results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed similar protein bands in Iranian and European honey bee venoms, including α-glucosidase (170 kDa), Api m (100 kDa), acid phosphatase (49 kDa), hyaluronidase (43 kDa), phospholipase A2 (17 kDa), and melittin (2 kDa). In wild bees, two bands were found with the molecular weights of 35 and 25 kDa belonging to antigen 5 and phospholipase A1, respectively. These were not observed in honey bee venoms. Immunoblot analysis revealed that all the mentioned proteins were immunogenic and al-lergenic in different individuals. Hyaluronidase, as well as phospholipases A1 and A2, were the major allergens in most individuals, while IgE reaction to melittin was only reported in one person.

In conclusion, studies on antibodies against bee venoms can be useful in immunotherapy. Different people indicated distinct allergenic patterns. Therefore, further similar assays are recommended before, during, and after immunotherapy.

Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and phylogenetic analysis were used for molecular identification of lactic acid bacteria (LABs) isolated from Apis mellifera. Eighteen honeybee workers were collected from three different apiaries in West Azerbaijan. LABs from the gut of honeybees were isolated and cultured using routine biochemical procedures. Genomic DNA was extracted from LABs and a fragment of 1540 bp in size of 16S rRNA gene was amplified. PCR products were digested using HinfI endonuclease and digested products with different RFLP patterns were subjected to nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The results revealed that Lactobacillus and Bifidobacteria spp. are were the most abundant LABs in honeybee gut. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were closely clustered with high similarity percentage with the same bacteria isolated from honeybees’ gut elsewhere. It was concluded that LABs isolated from honeybees had low sequence divergence in comparison with LABs isolated from other sources such as dairy products.