جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "deficiency" در نشریات گروه "دامپزشکی"

Pica is the ingestion of nonfood materials which may occur due to digestive system disorders, metabolic diseases, parasitic infestation and/or some deficiencies and then leads to intoxication, TRP, peritonitis, reticulo-omasal orifice dysfunction, abomasal impaction, abomasitis and intestinal obstruction. In the present study sex, age range and location of camels (Camelus dromedarius) were determined and blood samples were taken before the slaughter. In postmortem examination, forestomach contents of 300 slaughtered camels were carefully examined for the presence of foreign bodies. Blood samples of 20 healthy and 20 camels with pica were used to determine the serum concentrations of iron, copper, zinc, phosphorus, selenium, cobalt and copper to zinc ratio. The results showed that 36 of 300 camels were suffered from pica and the incidence was estimated 12 percent. Among these, metallic objects with a relative frequency of 33.33% had the highest and woody material with 5.26% had the lowest occurrence. Serum levels of iron, copper, phosphorus, selenium, cobalt and the ratio of copper to zinc in camels with pica were significantly lower than healthy ones. Statistical analysis showed that the serum levels of zinc, copper and phosphorus in male camels with pica were significantly lower than females and vice versa, serum levels of male cobalt were higher than females (p < 0.05). It is concluded that deficiencies of iron, copper, phosphorus, selenium and cobalt may play role in camel pica.

Cobalt (Co) deficiency occurs in many parts of world especially in tropical and subtropical countries. Primary Co deficiency occurs only in places where the soil is deficient in Co. The type of soil and the presence of other substances like manganese and lime influence the absorption of Co (secondary Co deficiency). To determine the Co status in Shahrekord district, Iran, several important farms were selected and the Co concentration of 80 different soils (before cultivation) under cultivation of alfalfa, clover, barley and wheat and their cultivated plants (after full vegetative growing) were measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Moreover, blood samples were taken from 100 sheep fed the grown plants on those areas. The mean ± SD Co concentration in the soil of alfalfa, clover, barley and wheat farms were 0.14 ± 0.04, 0.16 ± 0.06, 0.10 ± 0.03 and 0.11 ± 0.05 mg/kg, respectively and the corresponding concentrations in plants were 1.32 ± 1.01, 2.2 ± 0.08, 1.2 ± 0.76 and 1.37 ± 0.88 mg/kg dry matter (DM), respectively. The mean ± SD Co concentration in sheep serum was 1.45 ± 0.41 µg/dl at various physiological conditions. Results indicated that in all studied areas, Co concentration in soil was lower than the normal range and primary Co deficiency was noticeable. On the other hand, Co concentration in different plants and ration was higher than animal demands, but serum Co was at marginal level and probably interfered with animal health. This study showed that the soils of lands under cultivation of clover and alfalfa and its related plants contained more Co than that of determined for barley (P<0.05). Furthermore, clover soil had higher amount of Co than wheat soil (P<0.05). There was a negative correlation between the amount of lead in soil of lands under cultivation of alfalfa and the concentration of Co in plants. Such a negative correlation was also detected between the amount of molybdenum and lead in soil and the concentration of Co in plants (P<0.05). Presence of some interfering factors in ration such as nitrogen (1.24 ± 0.3%), phosphorus (0.47 ± 0.18%), lead (2.87 ± 1.58 mg/kg DM) and molybdenum (0.1 ± 0.14 mg/kg DM) were negatively affected the uptake of Co and decreased serum Co concentration via secondary Co deficiency.