جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "phlebotomus" در نشریات گروه "دامپزشکی"

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Considering the increasing number of CL cases in recent years and the fact that no study has been conducted to identify CL fauna and vectors in Alborz province, this study was carried out to identify sand flies and CL vectors in this region. Sand flies were collected from August to October 2021 from plain and mountainous indoor and outdoor areas of the region using sticky paper traps and were detected morphologically. DNA was extracted from the midguts of female sand flies. In this study, 1157 sand flies were collected and identified. The number of sand flies caught from indoor and outdoor places was 367 (31.72%) and 790 (68.28%), respectively. Overall, six species of flies were of the genus Phlebotomus (Raynal, 1937), including Phlebotomus papatasi (P. papatasi, 695 [60.07%]; Scopoli, 1786), P. kandelakii (13 [1.12%]; Shchurenkova, 1926), P. sergenti (232 [20.05%]; Parrot, 1917), P. major (14 [1.21%]; Annandale, 1910), P. caucasicus (4 [0.35%]; Marzinowsky, 1917), P. alexandri (18 [1.56%]; Alexandri Sinton, 1920), and four were of the genus Sergentomyia (Artemiev, 1978), including Sergentomyia tiberiadis (109 [9.42%]; Adler, Theodor & Lourie, 1930), Sergentomyia baghdadis (53 [4.58%]), Sergentomyia sintoni (14 [1.21%]; Sintoni Pringle, 1933), Sergentomyia clydei  (5 [0.43%]). P. papatasi spp. were dominant in indoor and outdoor places, with a prevalence of 695 (60.07%). The Leishmania major (L. major) gene was identified in five samples of P. papatasi spp. This suggests that P. papatasi is the potential vector spp. in the study area. Moreover, L. major was confirmed as the aetiological agent of CL cases in Alborz province. The identification of vectors and parasite spp. is very important for the treatment and operational planning of disease vectors.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a prevalent tropical parasitic disease in the Old World. The causative agents are Leishmanial parasites, which cause various forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The infection is commonly limited in immuno-competent individuals, but it can progress to a chronic and ulcerative disease in immuno-compromised patients. The reservoirs are dogs and rodents and the vectors are different species of sandflies. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence rate of Leishmania infection among Phlebotomus mosquitoes collected from Abardejh district, Iran. Abardejh is located next to Varamin city in southeast of Tehran having a tropical ecosystem at its eastern border. Tamarisk trees and rodents have provided a suitable condition for sandfly activity. The sandflies were collected by funnel trap from rodent burrows and transferred to the Department of Parasitology, Pasteur Institute of Iran. The sampling was carried out during spring and summer (2002) with ten-day intervals. The collected sandflies were identified using discriminative morphologic features before parasitological culture on NNN medium. Analyses of the data revealed a high prevalence rate of infection among the sandflies in this region (P<0.01). The maximum activities of Phlebotomus were in the months of June and July. Three species of sanflies were found in rodent burrow: P. papatasi, P. sergenti, and P. caucasicus. The results of blood-fed Phlebotomus culture showed that 22.07% of blood-fed females of P. papatasi and 8% of blood-fed females of P. sergenti were infected with leptomonads (P<0.05). This could be an important issue because human and agricultural environments are located closely to this district. Therefore, use of insecticides and environmental sanitation seems to be required to prevent the transmission of infection from sandflies to human.