جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « rice » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Rice is one of the world's most commonly consumed cereals. Consequently, its contamination by food contaminants, including heavy metals, should be taken into consideration. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of heavy metal contamination in rice samples of Hashemi cultivar harvested randomly from three areas of Masal, Shanderman, and Soomehsara in the west of Gilan province. In the second stage, the effect of two factors of soaking time of rice before cooking and cooking method (drained and boiled) on changes of heavy metals in consumed rice was evaluated. Following the preparation and digestion steps, the concentration of heavy metals (lead, cadmium, chromium and nickel) was determined using induced plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that in comparison with the other two regions and the standard limit, the concentrations of Cr and Ni in rice harvested from the Shanderman region (with 2.1 and 1.35 ppm, respectively), were significantly higher contamination. The results showed that washing and soaking the rice were very effective in reducing the heavy metal content. Moreover, cooking rice using the drainage method was more effective in reducing the concentration of heavy metals than the boiled method. Due to the difference in the effect of soaking treatments and different sintering methods in reducing the concentration of metals, using a combination of 3 consecutive washes and 6 hours of soaking and cooking in both methods is introduced as the most effective treatment in reducing the concentration of heavy metals.

Rice is one of the major food commodities for half of the world's population. In Iran, rice is a strategic product that is the main strength of the people after bread, and it is expected this product supplies with appropriate quality and placed in the household basket. In this study, qualitative characteristics, amount of impurities, the concentration of heavy metals (cadmium, arsenic, and lead), microbial growth (mold and yeast), aflatoxin concentration, and pesticides in rice crop in different regions of Mazandaran (three species Tarom, Shiroodi, and Neda), Gilan (three species of Tarom, Ali Kazemi and Hashemi), three samples of organic rice (first crop, second crop and brown), and rice imported from Pakistan (three brands) and Indian rice (two brands) Was examined. The longitudinal range of increase was found to be 6.68-7.62, 7.60-7.62, 6.68-7.62, 6.50-7.00 and 5.80-6.20 mm for Pakistan, Indian, Mazandaran, Gilan and organic cultivars. Indian cultivars A, B, and Gilan (Hashemi) had the lowest, and Pakistani cultivar A had the highest impurities. Most of the perfumes belonged to Gilan (Talesh) and Mazandaran (Tarom). The highest starch gelatinisation and lowest amount of heavy metals were observed in Iranian cultivar samples. According to general estimates, the highest amount of heavy metals was measured in Pakistani rice, followed by Indian and then Iranian rice. The concentration of Aflatoxin in all samples, except for Pakistan samples, was lower than the detection limit. According to the results, the sample of organic rice with the least consumption of pesticides, the minimum amount of heavy metal, microbial and mycotoxin contamination is recommended to ensure public health.

Heavy metals are one of the most important pollutants that enter the soil in various ways and thus reach agricultural crops. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of heavy metals in rice grown in farms of Karoon River (from Shadegan city) and to compare their risk assessment with Indian imported rices. To this end, four farms were studied in the village of Umme-Ghazlan (Ahvaz-Darkhovein), and the samples were taken during December 2017. Local soil and rice samples were collected from two points in each farm and three replications were used to determine the concentrations of heavy metals. A total of 24 cultivated rice samples together with 24 soil samples were obtained. Two samples of imported Indian rice, were also tested with 18 replications. The mean concentrations of heavy metals of lead, nickel, arsenic and cadmium in rice samples of downstream farms of Karoon River were 60.40, 28.05, 23.44 and 14.26 mg/Kg, respectively. The contamination levels in the case of imported rice samples were 57.77, 23.24, 15.79 and 9.76 mg/Kg dry weight, respectively. EDI values ​​of lead, cadmium, nickel and arsenic metals among the four tested farms were higher than imported rice. The highest index of EDI in imported rice was related to lead (90.70) and the lowest one was to cadmium (15.33). EDI values ​​of nickel and arsenic were in the second and third ranks. Among the farms, the lowest index of EDI (17.16) was related to cadmium (farm 1) and the highest level (98.31) was related to lead (farm 4). Based on the results, the risk of local rice samples were estimated higher than India's imported ones.