جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pathogens » در نشریات گروه « دامپزشکی »

Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and E. faecium (E. faecium) are commensals of the gastrointestinal biota of humans and animals and are considered opportunistic pathogens. This study aimed to improve the knowledge about E. faecalis and E. faecium isolated from meat. To this end, 104 meat samples were collected from sheep, goats, cattle, and calves from Shahrekord local markets in Iran. Presumptive colonies of E. faecalis and E. faecium were isolated from the samples and subjected to identification tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect some virulence genes. Furthermore, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA typing and repetitive element sequence-based PCR fingerprinting were used to show the clonal relatedness of the isolates. The results revealed that enterococci were present in 90 out of 104 samples. Specifically, E. faecalis and E. faecium were the commonly isolated species, with the predominance of E. faecalis, which exhibited high resistance to streptomycin (95%) but was susceptible to vancomycin (85.6%). Virulence genes detection showed that ccf and cpd genes were the most prevalent genes in both species. In addition, the molecular typing method indicated that the isolates belonged to separate subgroups. This study shows the contamination of meat products by potential pathogens and resistant enterococci. There is a need to implement regular surveillance to monitor the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant E. faecalis and E. faecium in food, particularly in meat production.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a burning issue in the present era. Mastitis in dairy animals is one of the most important causes of huge production loss to dairy farmers.

The study aims to find the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance profile, and resistance genes in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in mastitic milk.

A total of 125 milk samples were collected from Beetal goats suffering from clinical mastitis from different districts of Punjab and processed for bacterial isolation and further identification. The drug resistance profile of ESBL-producing E. coli and its associations with molecular markers was analyzed using statistical analysis.

The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in dairy goats of Punjab was recorded as 6.4%. The isolates showed the highest resistance to the beta-lactam group of antibiotics. The resistance percentages of streptomycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, clotrimazole, and colistin were 50%, 37.5%, 50%, 25%, 25%, and 50%, respectively. The isolates showed intermediate resistance to imipenem (12.5%) and tetracycline (25%). The ESBL-producing E. coli isolates harbored the resistance genes blaCTXM (100%), blaTEM (62.5%), blaSHV (25%), blaOXA (37.5%), tetA (37.5%), tetB (25%), aadA (37.5%), sul1 (25%), MOXM (12.5%), DHAM (25%), and blaCMY-2 (50%). Tetracycline and sulphonamide resistances were statistically associated with their respective resistance genes (P<0.05). Streptomycin resistance was not statistically associated with the presence of the aadA gene (P>0.05). The genes blaIMP and blaNDM were not recorded in any of the isolates. In this study, 12.5% of the isolates showed co-resistance to colistin and carbapenem.

Antimicrobial resistance is a hot topic and requires immediate attention.

Fish farming is increasing globally, with an increase in bacterial infections known to cause morbidity and varying mortality, affecting the productivity and profitability of aquaculture. The objective of this study was to determine the antibiotics susceptibility and multiple antibiotic resistance index of bacteria isolated from fish in some selected fish farms in Kaduna State to ten commonly used antibiotics using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. In total, 84 bacteria were isolated from 75 Clarias gariepinus in this study, belonging to 12 genera. The antibiotic profile of the bacteria isolated displayed different sensitivity and resistance to the antibiotics used. The highest numbers of the Gram-positive (59.5%) and Gram-negative (69%) bacteria, respectively, were sensitive to ciprofloxacin compared to the other antibiotics. All the bacterial isolates displayed varying diversity of multidrug-resistant patterns. A total of 38 and 41 different resistance patterns for Gram-positive and Gram-negative respectively were observed. The multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index analysis reveals that 97.3% of the bacteria had a high MAR index value (> 0.2). In conclusion, there is a diversity of bacteria organisms within the fish farms that are pathogenic to both fish and humans. Therefore, there is a need to implement optimal preventive management measures and control the use of antibiotics.