Effect of Medium Type and Hormonal Compositions on Callus Induction, Plantlet Regeneration and Rooting of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Cultivars

In present experiment callus induction and plantlet regeneration of four sesame varieties (Oltan, Yekta, Varamin and Single Branch Naz) have been considered in different environments with different hormone combinations. In order to evaluate callus induction, after surface sterilization of seeds, diploid embryos were isolated and cultured on related media enriched with 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 mg l-1 2,4-D supplemented with 0.1 g l-1 hydrosylate casein. In current study, comparison of percentage of callus induced showed that the highest callus percentage have been produced by Oltan (91.38%), Single-Branch Naz (90.21%) and yekta (89.30%) varieties, respectively. The poorest callus has induced in Varamin (81.47%) cultivar. Also, for shoot and plantlet regeneration, the callus samples were cultured on MS and half strength MS media supplemented with different concentrations of NAA (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg.l-1), BAP (1.0 and 1.5 mg.l-1) and kin (1.0 mg.l-1). Cultivar Varamin with 25.6% regeneration has demonstrated better result than the other cultivars. the best response was related to half strength MS. Also, the best response was belongs to hormonal Composition of 0.1 mg.l-1 NAA and 1.0 mg.l-1 BAP. In root induction media that Oltan produced the highest number of roots. Half-strength MS medium has demonstrated better result than MS medium. Also, the best response was belongs to hormonal Composition with 0.5 mg.l-1 NAA and 1.0 mg.l-1 IAA.