Production of Renewable Energy Source (Biodiesel) By Vegetable Oil

The depletion of world petroleum reserves & the increased environmental concerns have stimulated the search for alternative sources for petroleum based fuel. Biodiesel is an alternative to conventional diesel fuel made from renewable resources, such as non-edible vegetable oils. The oil from seeds (e.g., Jatropha and Pongamia) can be converted to a fuel commonly referred to as "Biodiesel."Biodiesel fuel (fatty Acid methyl ester) from vegetable oil is considered as the best of the applicant for diesel engine made from renewable biological sources. It consists of the monoalkyl esters formed by a catalyzed reaction of the triglycerides in the oil or fat with a simple monohydric alcohol. Diesel engines operated on biodiesel have lower emissions of carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, particulate matter, and air toxics than when operated on petroleum-based diesel fuel. The objective of this paper is to explain the method production of biodiesel which is safe biodegradable and non-toxic.