Behavioral Comparison of Cultured Rat's Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Rabbit's Blastema in Scaffold of Decellularized Human Periodontal Tissue

The main goal of this research was to prepare three-dimensional matrix of gingival palate tissues and compare the behavior of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and blastema on the scaffolds. The tissues obtained from gingival surgeries in periodontal clinic were decellularized using detergents including sodium dodecyl sulfate and Triton X-100 then after washing and sterilization, were used as scaffold for culturing the rat’s mesenchymal stem cells. The scaffolds were studied by light and electron microscopy before and after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of culture. In addition the prepared scaffolds were assembled within the rings of blastema tissues from rabbit,s pinna. Then the scaffolds were similarly studied by histological techniques after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of culture. Scanning electron microscopy showed that epithelial matrix and collagen fibers in connective tissue remained intact. In both samples epithelium-like structures were observed. Also in the blastema cells migrating to the scaffolds cell secretion was also observed. Human gingival matrix can be a suitable scaffold for studying the cell behaviors. More research should be carried out to determine the identity of differentiated cells, which finally can improve our knowledge regarding the cell-matrix interactions.