High Power Electromagnetic (HPM) Threats against Electronic Systems and Their Countermeasures

The high power electromagnetic weapon (HPM) is the technology that is considered a threat to electronic systems. By producing HPM pulse, an enormous energy with high penetrating power in is released a short time which causes an unstable current with high voltage to be established which in turn destroys the electronic parts of systems such as semi-conductors. This article first explains methods of producing high power electromagnetic energy and then a brief introduction of this weapon along with its structure and the way it is produced, is presented. The parameters of the high power electromagnetic weapon and how it can penetrate the electronic systems are further expressed and its effect on these systems is reviewed, as well. Finally, measures taken to protect these systems, taking into account the kind of vulnerability against high power energy pulses, are also reviewed and the appropriate solutions are further presented.