A Comparative Study of Causes of Appeal to the Supreme Court in Iranian and French Law

Code of Civil Procedure of Iran declared, in Article 366, non-conformity with Islamic jurisprudence or statute as the common cause of appeal to the Supreme Court. The Code, in Articles 371 et seq., however, has explained the causes in detail in a manner subject to criticism. In French law, in a proper and suitable action, Article 604 of the New Code of Civil Procedure has declared non-conformity with legal rules as the common cause of appeal to the Supreme Court. But authors and judicial precedent have stated the causes in detail. With comparing causes in Iranian Law and what authors and judicial precedent in French Law have introduced as causes of appeal it becomes manifest that some of the causes, including violation of statute, incompetence of the court, non-observance of formal rules, contradiction of judgments and defect in the reasoning of judgment, are common between the two laws. However on some other causes there are differences between the two. Thus, conflict with Islamic jurisprudence, deficiency of investigations and not paying attention to defenses of the parties to a claim, invalidity of documents and misinterpretation of contracts are found only in Iranian Law, while trespassing of authority and loss of legal basis are peculiar to French Law.