Effects of some polyamines in embryo rescue of grapevine cv. Flame Seedless

Seedless grapes are widely grown all over the world. Iran has very rich germplasm of seeded as well as seedless grape genotypes. One of the most important grape breeding purposes is to obtain high quality and seedless grapes. The embryo rescue technique is one of the main methods for producing seedless grapevines. In this study putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine (each with three concentrations) were added to media to rescue embryos of grape cv. Flame Seedless. In order to improve this technique, ovules were excised from berries 45 days after pollination and cultured in NN medium supplemented with 3.0% sucrose, 0.2% activated charcoal and 0.6% agar. Embryos were removed from the ovules after 10 weeks and transferred onto MS medium supplemented with 3.0% sucrose, 0.2% activated charcoal and 0.7% agar. Results showed that putrescine, spermidine and spermine at 1, 0.5 and 1 mm could increase growth and development of embryos, percentage of embryo germination and plant production, respectively. Application of cadaverine only at 0.5 mm could increase development and germination of embryos. However, it was not significant.