Polyphony in the Novel of Symphony-eMordegan

Applying dialogism and polyphony is one of the most important characteristics of the modern and postmodern novels. Regarding the constraints derived from social condition and dominant ideology, it is difficult to find polyphonic features from formal and content perspective in contemporary Persian stories. Symphony-e mordegan, enjoying a new approach to form and content, is among the modern Persian novels. Maroufi, applying a number of features such as narrator multiplicity, culture variety, stream of consciousness, inter-textuality relations, composing literary genres and schools, double oriented discourse, etc. brings his story to a polyphonic one. The above characteristics provide the reader, appropriate devices to achieve a noble perception and to present a new interpretation of the novel which is not simply apprehensible from the surface of the novel. Providing a large number of evidence, the article intends to look into Bakhtin and his ideas on polyphonic novel and attempts to introduce Symphony-e mordegan as a polyphonic novel.