Review and Correction of Two Cases of Blunders and Mistakes in the Commentaries of Hafez ́s Divan

This study aims to review and correct the two cases of blunders and mistakes about two word groups as dam and dãm. The first exponents of Hafez´s Divan in new age, Which were experts and also familiar with the practices of the Western literary approaches, have made mistakes due to the little research or emerging sources of linguistic and etymological researches about the two word groups of dam and dãm. The word dam means sense of self that is in the same Persian family as the words blow (inhalation), pecker and inflammation and has been mistaken for dam, with the same pronunciation, which means edge, side and close and coincidence. The other word group is dãm which means a net, chain and lattice as well as a wild, non-predator animal or even a tamed one. Each of the 4 words have found their way from different Indo-European roots into Persian. Showing the function of any of the words in literary texts, this article has investigated and analyzed each individual word in theirs etymology. Also, it has noted some cases of blunder which have occurred in Iranian researches for these 4 words.