The Theory of Existential Gradation and Horizontal Multiplicity

This essay wants to reply to one of the most important ontological problemes that the theory of existential gradation can justify numerical manyness of beinges or not? This research at the first step will show that the gradational relationship between two things logically dependes on vertical and casual linkage waist them. So that the gradational relevance is neccessarily vertical. And so horizontal gradation is paradoxical concept like «roundel square». Therefore realization of gradational respect among horizontal beinges is impossible. Thus the theory of existential gradation cant explain numerical multiplicity of the instances of a species. In the second stage of this essay we criticize and refuse the viewpoints of Allamehe Tabatabaei، Martyr Motahari and Javadi Amoli about the coherency among the horizontal manyness of objects and the theory of existential gradation.