A Study the Effects of Dispatching Osamas ́s Division on the Manner of Political Participation of Elite Mohajere and Ansar in Saqifah and Establishing the Caliphate

Although most of reports on Bani Saede΄s Saqifa Exist in the primary sources indicating the political participation of Mohajers and Ansar, which is also the subject of the current paper, shows that the Mohajers and Ansar were unaware about the happenings in medina hence; they could not actively take part in the later political process. About 3000 people from elite Mohajers and Ansar who with the decree of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) required to serve under Osma΄s division, were camping at a place called "Jorf" about 5km away from medina and were prepared to dispatch to Syria. In the meantime, a messenger from Medina gave the news about the demise of Prophet Mohammad and Osama along with some of his companions returned to medina. Although some of the narratives quoting Wagedi and Ibn A΄sam tell that the whole army unit returned to Medina after the prophet΄s demise, however; the others like Khalifath Ibn Khayyat, Tabari, Ibn A΄sam, Abdullah b. Mohammad al -Baghavi, Maqdesi, Ibn Asaker indicate that the complete unit could not return at the point of time. This army unit, by the first measure of the Caliph, was immediately rushed to Syria and left unaware about the incident in medina. The absence of elite Mohajers and Ansar, brigade for about 40 or 70 days after the demise of Prophet Mohammad (p.b.u.h) was the most important factor that led to establishment of the caliphate as most of them were not present during the Caliph΄s dealing with opponents of allegiance in Medina.