Women Endowments during the Safavid Dynasty and the Ottoman Empire

The current article seeks to study ‘women endowments in Iran and Anatolia’ and is centered on three main axes, ‘Endowment’, ‘Women’, and ‘Similarities between the Safavid and the Ottoman’. Safavid dynasty and the Ottoman Empire create similar circumstances in Iran and Anatolia under which the economies flourished and that caused the sultans to express their benevolence in the form of social endowments. At the time, a climax was observed in terms of endowments to an extent that even the middle class was inclined towards it. Due to this vast social inclination towards this issue, some administrative bodies were constituted to manage the huge flow of endowments, one body for the royal endowments and another for the public ones. This atmosphere and the reports that show their affluence set the stage for women social and economic participation in endowments.