Relations between Jurisprudence (fiqh) and Politics from the Three Perspectives: Agency, supervision and authority of religious jurist (with emphasis on the contemporary era)

In our present time, the ‘School of Qom’ is known as a Fiqhi School concomitant with the religious authority of grand Ayatollah Hāerī Yazdi, Ayatollāh Brujerdi and Ayatollāh Khomeini. On the other hand, the ‘School of Najaf ’ is studied in periods of the religious authority of Sheikh Ansāri, Akhund Khorāsāni and Muhaqeq Khuyi.In the two aforementioned schools, there are the three trends of the supervision, agency and authority of religious jurist, each of which has come to establish a particular relation with political affairs. The writer of the article holds the belief that though each of the above trends, on the whole, has a capacity to involve in politics, but the trend of the authority of religious jurist is of the highest capacity which is the last of the widespread theory of Shi‘ī political jurisprudence (fiqh). There is no doubt that the comparative study of the trends mentioned above can provide readers with a historical legacy of interaction between jurisprudence and politics in the contemporary era.