Role of Ulama of Isfahan in the Cultural and Social changes of Isfahan between 1330-1332 / 1941-1953

After Sharivar 1320 /1941, field of activity for various groups of Iranian society such as religious forces and the Tudeh Party has been prepared. In other hand, the Mohammad Reza Shah’s fear of strengthening of Tudeh party pushed him to strengthen the religious forces instead of opposing with religious. These changes led to anew appearance of ulama in the scene of society. Beside the activity of the capital city’s ulama, their activities on other cities were also notable. This issue has more importance in the case of Isfahan, because of special status of ulama in this city.The aim of this paper is to answer this question: to which extent the ulama of Isfahan succeeded to raise the level of awareness of the people of the city and also to which extend they could do this job? The result of this study show that most cultural and social activities of ulama and religious forces of Isfahan from 1325 /1946 were dedicated and limited to confronting corruption and prostitution, campaign against Bahais and preventing the spread of ideas of Kasravi and Communism between youth. But they have not succeeded in the field of education and promoting the awareness of people as in has been expected.