Interaspecific hybridization of Gladiolus grandiflora (hortolanus. Hort) using in vitro mature ovule embryo culture

In order to induce genetic variation and produce new hybrid, crosses between different varieties with different flower color have been done. Manual emasculated flowers were pollinated with collected pollen grains. Hand pollination of white flowers female parent with pollen grain of red flower male parent has been carried out in two directions. High dusting self-pollination of red and white color flowers as a control treatment took place. Mean effect of self and cross pollination on number of ovules formation in each ovary through Chi-square test indicated that there was significant differences between them at α=0.05 level. For in vitro nutrition, fertilized ovules were then transferred at different stages of embryos to the culture media. The analysis of collected data for effect of self and cross pollination and different age of embryos on mature embryo germination showed that there is no significant differences between two pollination fashions (cross and self-pollination) at α=0.05 level but there were highly significant differences between age of embryos (21, 30 and 45 days after pollination) at α=0.01 level. Mean comparison through Duncan multiple range test, indicated that highest embryo germination (82.2%) obtained in 30 days old embryos in both pollination fashions (cross and self pollination). Successful acclimatized plantlets transferred to the soilless medium before transfer to the green- house.