Political Culture and Theoretical Basis of Kingship and Monarchy; Comparative Study on Farr - e Izadi and zell-allah (shadow of God)

This research is trying to accomplish a comparative study on the theoretical basis of divine charisma and zell-allah (shadow of God) based on historical texts and narratives of Muslim scholars and to answer the questions about their similarities and differences. Another problem of this research is about the historical periods which each of these two concepts have been emerged during it. In contrary with the commonly thought which suppose these two concepts as a same kind، this paper is trying to prove the hypothesis that divine charisma and zell-allah (shadow of God) have important distinctions and differences، and the so-called similarity is not possible. The results of this research which have been achieved by application of historical explanation and comparative method show that these two concepts belong to two distinct cultural discourses of different periods of history of Iran. The concepts which the emergence of them were depended to conditions were only possible in their own especial periods. Thus divine charisma belonged to political culture of Ancient Iranian Kingdom and zell-allah (shadow)