Reviews the History, Culture and Civilization of the Territory Transoxiana in Greater Khorasan

Civilization is a common way of life, thought and human action and containing general conformance with the requirements of the recipient’s economic or geographic environment and common organization to quench the social and political needs of environment and a common set of ideas and achievements. Therefore, the knowledge about the culture and civilization is necessary in order to identity and as a starting point for understanding the history of social change. The aim of the present study is to identify and explore the history, culture and civilization of the territory Transoxiana as one of the important Regions and influencing the political, social, cultural, economic and other cities in the Greater Khorasan region, since, this research is based on descriptive - analytical methods and as a library and documentary study. In this regard, articles, books, and internal and external documentary researches relating to the subject are used in order to achieve the aim of the study. Historical evidences indicates that the Transoxiana was as a buffer area between the prosperous, thriving and populous towns of eastern Iran and Non-agricultural and arid plainsand nomadic tribes’ fielders of Central Asia and rooted and ancient civilizations of China on the other hand. Research findings indicate that over thousand of years, people of Khorasan and Transoxiana acted as a language of science and literature covered a wide area of official language. Despite various constraints such as wars and migrations due to its, tendency to the Quranic teachings and love to Islamic culture and spreading Islamic sciences, welcomed scholars of the cities of Khorasan, especially in Transoxania. On the other hand, came out of Turkish to the cities of Iran, undermind and unstabled political and geographic boundaries of East Iran. So that in the period of the Ghaznavid Empire the first influencing and cracks appeared in Khorasan.