Frequency of blaKPC and blaNDM Genes among Acinetobacter baumannii by Molecular Method of PCR

In recent years, Acinetobacter baumannii is one of threatening microorganisms for curing through antimicrobial drugs, because of its clinical effect and its ability of drug resistance. On the other hand, infections with bacteria which produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) increase the above problem in worldwide. So the purpose of this study was to define antibiotic resistance pattern and distribution of blaNDM and blakpc genes in A. baumannii isolates which isolated from patient in hospital of Tehran by PCR method. This study is done on 500 clinical samples in 3 hospitals in Tehran during one year. After identification of isolates in species level using cultural and biochemical methods, the susceptibility tests were carried out on 100 isolates of A. baumannii using disk diffusion method for 11 different antibiotics according to the Clinical and laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Then isolates were considered for presence of blaNDM and blakpc genes by PCR. According to the results of the initial screening, more than 55% of isolates showed multiple-drug resistance and also above 90% of isolates, resistance to cefepime, ceftriaxone, and amikacin was recorded. َAlso the PCR results showed that 19 cases (19%) and 13 cases (13%) of isolates had blaNDM and blakpc genes respectively which most of them had been isolated from patients who were hospitalized in the ICU. Multiple-drug resistant A. baumannii is expanding in Iran and it is considered as an important hazard for hospitalized patients. Moreover regarding to existence of blaNDM and blakpc genes in this bacterium and possibility of transformation of these genes to the other microorganisms, reconsideration in antibiotics consumption patterns and more attention to nosocomial infections control criteria are inevitable.