The Effect of the Oral Administration of Salvia Rhytidia Extract on Neural Cell Numbers of Cerebral Cortex and Hippocampus Following Ischemia-Reperfusion in Rat

Backgrounds & Forebrain ischemia induces complete interruption of brain blood flow and neuronal injury. In the present study the effect of Salvia rhytidia extract on cell numbers of the cerebral cortex and different hippocampal regions following ischemia-reperfusion (IR) was evaluated. In the present experimental study, Thirty-five adult male rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats. Control group (1), sham group (3), and 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7 as ischemic groups. (2, 4, 5, 6, 7). Left common carotid and left vertebral arteries were occluded by tourniquet for 10 min. Group 2 received no drug. sham group (3) received normal saline without ischemia. Group 4 received Salvia (3.2mg/kg) and group 5 received silymarin (50 mg/kg), 2 h after ischemia. Group 6 received the same dose of Salvia and group 7 received the same dose of silymarin 0, 24, 48, and 72 hrs before ischemia. After 24 h reperfusion, the brains of rats were prepared for histological studies. The cells were counted and cerebral and hippocampal tissue sections stained by hematoxylin and eosin. The data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and Duncan as posthoc test. Significant decrease was observed in the neural cell numbers of cerebral cortex and pyramidal layer of CA1 and CA2 regions of the hippocampus in groups 2, 4 and 5 compared to control group (p=00000). No significant decrease was observed in neural cell numbers of cerebral cortex and all hippocampal regions in groups 3, 6, 7. Pyramidal layer of CA3 and granular layer of dentate gyrus regions of the hippocampus in groups 2, 4 and 5 compared to control. Saliva extract with aintoxidan effect similar to silymarin protects the forebrain from ischemia injuries and reperfusion.