Conflicts of Iranian Transmigration Life with Urban and Rural Lives in Mongol Era

In Iran، transmigration has for long been one of the common ways of living. At the time of their arrival، the Mongols imposed a transmigration system on Iranians which had detrimental consequences as it was in lower conditions than their former transmigration experience. Using a historical analysis methodology، the present paper attempts to investigate the consequences of the spread of the conflicts between the constant residency and transmigration and the principles governing them in the Mongol era، as well as surveying the social and cultural specifications of Iranian trans-migrants and residents. It could be seen that the presence of Mongol and Turk transmigrates in the suburbsof a number of cities in Iran—who attempted to maintain their values and dignities and ignored the urban infrastructures—increased the conflicts between the transmigration and residency rapidly. Consequently، many Iranian rural areas and cities were destroyed following Mongol offensive acts، and urban affairs began to regress. Urban population was reduced، big cities became smaller، and small towns became villages and rural areas. Industries and production workplaces waned as a result of lack of labor force and market insecurity. Taxes and tolls، taken from the villagers and free-job holders، made them weaker and weaker. Resources and pasture exploitation methods changed and agriculture and irrigation systems were destroyed completely as well.