Centers of Ancient Civilizations in the Persian Gulf Region and on the Coastlines of Makran Sea

The strategic region of the Persian Gulf which has been introduced as one of the sub-systems of the Southwest Asia is a jewel in the south of Iran located between 16 to 40˚ N latitude and 32 to 57 E longitude. The water area of the Persian Gulf which connects Europe، Asia، and Africa is located in the Persia Gulf region between 24˚ to 30˚ N latitude and 48˚ to 57˚ E longitude. Makran region in the southeast of Iran is located like a pearl between 25˚ to 35˚ N latitude and 58˚ to 70˚ E longitude. The water area of Makran Sea is a part of the Indian Ocean and the only open sea in the southeast of Iran. The significance of this sea lies in its connection to the Indian Ocean. The Persian Gulf is connected to the rest of the world through the Strait of Hormoz and Makran Sea. The collection of the vast waters of the south of Iran which extend from the Red Sea to the coastlines of the Indus River has been called Pars Sea. A part of these waters which extend from the Strait of Hormoz to the west up to Arvandrud Delta and Bahmanshir is called the Persian Gulf. The other part which extends from the Strait of Hormoz to the east up to the delta of the Indus River is called Makran Sea. Therefore، Makran Sea and the Persian Gulf are branches of Pars Sea. In the course of history، several countries and ethnic groups have dominated and ruled the coastal areas of Pars Sea. However، their time is over now، and it is only the Iranian nation which is still standing and guarding its own legacy of sovereignty.