Biodegradation of Benzamide by Native Achromobacter Strains

Amides are toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic compounds. Amidase-producing bacteria eliminate or convert these compounds to their correspond acid. This study was carried out to investigation the Benzamide degradation by Achromobacter strains, which isolated from the waste of the city of Kerman. These strains were enriched in MM1 medium with benzamide 1%. The best strains were selected in MM1 agar media sublimentated with benzamide (1%) and bromothymol blue, as pH indicator. In total of 7 benzamide hydrolysing bacteria two of them, AB37 and FA1, were identified as predominant strains. The medium optimization showed that glucose, peptone, Ca2+ and pH 7.0 enhanced enzyme production, compared to the control. Enzyme production was enhanced in the presence of glucose and calcium about 3.0 and 2.6 folds, respectively. Hydrolyzing potential of benzamide by AB37 strain showed that the maximum benzamide hydrolyzing was 1.79 after 15 h of incubation. Based on the biochemical and test 16S rRNA gene approaches these strains were identified as Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Achromobacter Spanius. Results showed that these isolates were able to produce amidase and also were able to degrade benzamide. Therefore, the evaluation of applied potential of these strains for bioremediation of industrial and agricultural wastewater is recommended.