The Critique and Examination of the Attitudes of the Noble Quran Exegetists in the Exegesis of the 44th Verse of Surat Sad (Saad)

The 44th verse of the Surat Sad declares the oath of the prophet Ayyub (Job) and God’s emphasis to its implementation. Exegetists believe that the oath of the prophet Ayyub (Job) is punishing his wife by 100 lashes. Loving his wife made him regret and decided to break the oath. But God ordered him to fulfil his promise and for glorifying his patience and his wife, God decreased the ordinance (hukm) to one slash with a bundle of 100 branches of wheat. But it does not contain a feminine pronoun and the nature of the beaten thing is not obvious. Therefore, the verse should not be interpreted that she has been beaten by the prophet Ayyub (Job). Some Exegetists have adduced two Islamic traditions (which have been attributed to Imam Sadiq (pbuh) to clarify this ambiguous while theses Islamic traditions cannot be reliable for the weakness of narrators (the Chain of Transmission or sanad) and the text of the hadith (matan) or conflicting bases of Shiite (Shi’ite, Shi’a, Shia) and infallibility of the prophets. The other attitudes are the eixegesis (the interpretation of a text by reading into it one’s own ideas) and not having reasoning or narrating proofs. At last the phrase “لاتحنث” (do not break your oath) has revealed the difficulty of executing the oath and with the evidence of the context of the verses 41 to 44 it can be counted that mitigation of punishment is the 4th mercy and kindness of God toward his prophet thereby removing hardship (difficulty) and being not breaking the oath. Therefore the aim of the story is to state the favors of God to the patient which it has been implied in summary.