Biogas Production

In recent years, the growing rate of fossil fuels consumption all over the world has faced the humankind with two big crises: environment pollution and increasing rate of resource depleting. Therefore, movement towards clean and renewable energies is a top priority decision in the world. Biogas is one of these energies, which is flammable blend caused by fermentation of organic materials in a given temperature range and exact PH in anaerobe environment in presence of microbes. Fermentation reaction inside biogas production unit consists of chemical and biological activities of two groups of acid and methane-generating bacteria. Bacteria growth and survival and also the amount of biogas depend on fermentation environment condition. Separation of H2S, CO2, and steam from biogas is essential, otherwise, the gross amount of methane will be higher and then its heating value will be decreased. The biogas is a colorless and odorless gas without any smoke which has heating value of about 4580-5495 kcal/m3 for 50% to 65% purity of methane. Biogas can be utilized for thermal applications, as fuel for internal combustion engines and electricity production units and also providing raw materials for chemical industries and organic fertilizer production.