Sowlat al-Dowleh Qashqai's Political Life (1) (Constitutional Period)

Ismail Khan Sowlat al-Dowleh Qashqai (1879-1934), began to have governmental positions and political activities while still a young man. Since then until the time he died, he constantly had such positions as "Ilbeigi" and "Ilkhani" (two leading positions of nomadic tribes) of Qashqai Il (traditional Iranian nomadic tribe), ruling in numerous cities of the State of Fars, and member of parliament (the fifth and eighth terms in Jahrom electoral constituency). After the start of proconstitutional movement developments in Fars, he put his weight behind the pro-constitutional movement and confronted the opponents. The present article explores the developments happened during Sowlat al-Dowleh's political life, including his taking stances against the Qavam ul Molk Family, heads of the Bakhtiari Il, the British and opponents within the Il. It also examines his way of interacting with local powers and the central government.