Criminological Approach to the Issue of Criminal Participation

Criminal participation as a subject including abetting, complicity and organized crimes created a joint field of study between criminal law and criminology. Basing the definition of criminal participation on “Intervention of at least two individuals” in both studies followed the empathy of those science in explaining concept and setting examples. However, according to the requirements of each area, criminal participation has allocated a different domain to itself. Criminological review of criminal participation suggests that substantiation of this title is based on proof of two elements: engagement with incompatible groups and individuals and effectiveness of incompatible party. Moreover, patterns of criminal participation can be limited in three cases: organized participation, conspiracy-based participation and unconscious participation.