The role of social & cultural capital in the sense of citizenship

Citizenship as a social phenomenon is a central component of modern democratic political systems and a key indicator to demonstrate democracy in a modern society. Citizenship requires a sense of community membership. Cultural and social developments require active citizens and active citizenship requires a sense of citizenship. The present study is an evaluation of the role of social capital and cultural capital in the creation of a sense of citizenship among people in the city of Kashan. The research population consisted of all the residents of Kashan who were 18-year-old and above, of which a sample of 318 individuals was taken. Four dimensions of sense of citizenship were considered: sense of equality of opportunity, sense of distributive justice, sense of equality of participation, and a sense of social identity. The results showed that the average sense of citizenship among Kashani citizens was 2/47 in the range of 1-4. The average for social capital, including trust, cohesion, participation and social knowledge, was 2/98 in the range of 1-5 and for cultural capital, consisting of mental, physical and institutional dimensions; it was 1/88 in the range of 1-5. The results also showed that there is a significant relationship between the level of social capital (p