The Effect of Estrogen on Visceral Fat, Serum Omentin-1 and Insulin Resistance in Ovariectomized Rats

Estrogen reduction after the menopause is associated with visceral adipose tissue accumulation and insulin resistance. Serum omentin-1 level is also decreased by abdominal obesity and insulin resistance. This study investigated the effect of estrogen on visceral fat, omentin-1 and insulin resistance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.
Thirty 13-week-old female Wistar rats weighing180±5 gr were randomly matched on their body weight and divided into OVX (n=20) and sham-operated (SHAM; n=10) groups. OVX rats were subdivided into estrogen replacement therapy (Ovxዋ; n=10), and control (Ovx뇫᪙ Oil; n=10) groups. The estrogen replacement therapy received 17b-estradiol (30µg/kg bw; in 0.2 ml sesame oil) three days a week, for eight weeks. Ovx㨩 received the same sesame oil subcutaneously as vehicle. All intra-abdominal fat depots were dissected out and weighed immediately. Omentin-1 concentration was measured by rat omentin ELISA kit and HOMA-IR was used to estimate the insulin resistance. Obtained data were analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test.
Visceral fat was decreased by 12.84% in Ovxዋ compared to Ovx㨩 group; but it wasn ́t significant. Whereas, body weight was significantly decreased by 7.87 % in Ovxዋ compared to Ovx㨩; and it was significantly increased by 12.5% in Ovx㨩 compared to SHAM group. Omentin-1 level was significantly increased by 41% in Ovxዋ compared to Ovx㨩 group; whereas it was significantly decreased by 13.9% in Ovx㨩 compared to SHAM group. The levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased to 51.16%, 24.23% and 61.52%, respectively, in Ovxዋ group compared to the rats in Ovx㨩 group (p=0.0001).
8-week estrogen reduces body weight and improves insulin resistance probably via increase in omentin-1.