Fiqh and the Conflict between the Will of the Majority and That of the Minority in the Basic Social Strata

Conflict between the will of the majority and that of the minority in an Islamic system of government can be conceived to occur in the basic social strata or in certain other social strata. If the conflict occurs in the basic social strata like the challenge to the legitimacy or the authority of the Islamic system itself, then both the institution of ‘leadership’ and the Islamic system are bound to withstand the challenge, no matter they are opposed by the majority or the minority. In regards to certain large scale issues, if the conflicts occur in basic or underlying levels, again the Islamic system should not retreat. However, if these kinds of conflicts and challenges do not do any harm to the Islamic system and the divine laws, one should show flexibility towards them.
Conflicts and contradictions can be conceived in large or small scale social strata and in relation to fundamental issues among groups, parties, councils, and, last but not least, among the minority and the majority. This research seeks to study the fiqhi (jurisprudential) solutions for the abovementioned challenges only in the basic social strata.