A Criticism of the Theory of Quranic Adaptation from the Literature of its Time Analyzing Yousef Dareh Haddad's Viewpoint

The Holy Qur’an, sent down to Prophet Muhammad around 1400 years ago in Hejaz for training and guiding humankind, supplied many moral, social, economic and cultural needs of people of that time. However, from a historical viewpoint on the Quran, a group of orientalists believe that the Quran has been greatly affected by the literature and culture of that time and its teachings are adapted from costumes and traditions of Pre-Islamic Arabs. Yet in the present article, it is elucidated that although apparently parts of the Quran are adapted from the literature of its time, it has been that this book has aptly utilized the words and literary schools of the time of the Quran being sent down and has gradually set regulations to train humans. This being said, it is necessary that the Qur’an be historicized and translated culturally and scientifically together with analyses of settings, atmosphere and Asbāb al-nuzūl of ayahs. Exegetes and translators of the Quran thus need to provide interpretations matching the needs of the present time and culture and translate the Quran into the language and culture of the time, by adapting from Quranic historical stories as well as its educative and doctrinal orders bearing in mind the stability and fixity of this book.