Recurrence in Patients with Bipolar Disorder and its Risk Factors

The aim of this study was to identify prognosis factors associated with recurrence in patients ýwith bipolar disorder.ýý
This retrospective cohort study was conducted in Hamadan Province, the west of Iran. All ýpatients (n = 400) with bipolar disorder who were hospitalized for the second time or more ýduring April 2008 to September 2014 were included in this study. Ordinal logistic regression ýanalysis was employed to determine the effective factors in each recurrence, and odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were obtained.ý
The mean (SD) age of the participants at the entrance to the study was 34.62 (11.68) years. ýThere was an association between recurrence and type of bipolar disorder (P = 0.033). The ýOR of recurrence was 0.28 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.90) for bipolar disorder II; 0.35 (95% CI: 0.13, ýý0.92) for the patientsýþ þwith college education; 0.39 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.60) for employed ýpatients; 0.55 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.87) for patients who received both drugs and ýelectroconvulsive therapy, and 1.89 (95% CI: 1.23, 2.92) for patients who stopped using ýdrugs. In addition, a non-significant association was found between recurrence and age, sex, ýmarital status, place of residence, season, mood classification and family history of mood ýdisorder.ý
Type of bipolar disorder and cessation of medication were the leading causes of an increase in ýthe relapse of the disease. Furthermore, patients who received both drugs and ýelectroconvulsive therapy had a fewer risk of recurrence.ý