The Role of Religion in Unity and Difference from an Ethical-Psychological Perspective

Religion as a twin phenomenon with the human race has had many functions in the social life of humans, including its effects on the unity and difference between them, which is the subject matter of the present essay. Analyzing this matter by an ethical and psychological approach is the aim of this paper. The research method is the case study of Islam and, in doing so, analyzing the content of Quran as the most important document of Islam. The findings of this study in terms of the factors and backgrounds of unity are ethical-psychological mediators like affection, mercy, peace, justice, charity, thanksgiving, listening to each other, and forgiveness. In terms of the factors and backgrounds of difference there are some other ethical-psychological mediators like unconformity, murder, Harassment, dispute, aggression, devil, espionage, and defamation. The results of this study show the strict advice of Quran about the unity factors and avoiding the backgrounds of difference.