Antiemetic effects of Deroperidol compared with Dexamethasone and metoclopramide in patients undergoing hysteroscopy: A randomized Double - blinded clinical trial

Nausea and vomiting are common in patients after minor gynecological surgeries. This study was performed to assess prophylactic effects of Deroperidol, Dexamethasone and metoclopramide on nausea and vomiting after hysteroscopy surgery.
120 patients ASA 1, 2 undergoing diagnostic hysteroscopy were randomly allocated in 4 groups: group 1 received deroperidol 1.25 mg / IV, group 2 received dexamethasone 8 mg /IV, group 3 received metoclopramide 10mg/IV and group 4 received normal saline immediately after induction of Anesthesia. Frequency of nausea and vomiting and rescue treatments were recorded in PACU and 24 hours after surgery. Recovery Steward scores were assessed at 15 and 30 minutes in PACU.
Demographic parameters of patients in trial groups were similar. Frequency of nausea and vomiting in deroperidol was significantly lower than the other groups (p= 0.000) However, incidence of nausea was the same among groups. The number of patients who required rescue treatment at PACU was less in deroperidol group than other groups. (p = 0.03). The mean number of nausea and vomiting per patient in 24 hours was 1.2, 1.46, 1.66 and 1.71 for group 1,2,3 and 4. The steward recovery scores of groups were similar in 30 minutes at PACU. However, in 15 minutes in group 1 was lower than group 3,4 but not different from group 2.
Over all, prophylactic administration of deroperidol, dexamethasone and metoclopramide decrease PONV but deroperidol is the most effective agent.