Wireless Sensor Networks Lifetime Improvement Utilizing PSO Algorithm

Since there is no fixed infrastructure or centralized management in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), a Connected Dominating Set (CDS) has been proposed as a virtual backbone. In this paper, degree-constrained minimum-weight connected dominating set (DC-MWCDS) problem is used for modeling energy-efficient backbone formation in wireless sensor networks in UDG. DCMWCDS aims at forming degree-constrained backbone and minimizing the weight of the CDS made for network graph simultaneously. The aim of this paper, is proposing an energy efficient connected dominating set (CDS) scheme in wireless sensor networks, which prolongs the network lifetime. In proposed algorithms, we use an optimal weight based on the minimum residual energy and maximum effective degree of nodes for backbone formation to prolong the network lifetime. The optimal weight coefficients are determined using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Then, when selecting nodes for dominating set (DS) formation, these coefficients will be used. If the degree of a node is more than coefficient of degree constraint and energy of a node is less than coefficient of energy constraint, the node wont be selected for DS formation. The message and time complexity of the proposed algorithm is O(n). Simulation results show that proposed algorithms outperforms the other methods in terms of network lifetime.