Investigation of Errors Affecting Bone Mineral Density of Lumbar Spine and Hip in Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) Scan

Osteoporosis in the lumbar spine and hip are diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan. This method reveals remarkable accuracy and precision in the results. We aimed to determine the errors affecting measurements using DXA scan and investigate the changes in mineral density of hip and lumbar spine over one year.
The study was performed on 65 patients referred to the Isfahan Osteoporosis Diagnosis Center, Iran, and changes in mineral density of the hip and lumbar spine were examined. Moreover, phantom study was conducted to determine the errors affecting the results of DXA scan including metal artifact, patient incorrect position, not calibration, and incorrect analysis of data gathered using DXA scan. Data were analyzed using SSPS software.
Findings: This study showed that any error led to a slight change in measurements by DXA scan. Additionally, the mean value of changes in mineral density of hip and lumbar spine decreased 1.53 and 1.42 g/cm2, respectively, which was not significant (P > 0.05).
According to the present study, any minor error can impact on the results of DXA scan. Furthermore, the reduction in bone mineral density of the hip and lumbar spine occurs after one year; however, it was not statistically significant.