Effect of sodium nitroprusside and calcium carbonate on some physiological traits of sesame under salinity tension conditions

In order to investigate the role of calcium and sodium nitroprusside on reducing the destructive effects of salinity stress, this experiment was conducted as split plot-factorial based on a randomized complete blocks design in field conditions. Main factor included two levels of salinity (irrigation with common water and saline water) and sub-factors including sodium nitroprusside at four levels (zero, pretreated seed, foliar application by concentration of 50 micro Molar and pretreated seed foliar application by concentration of 50 micro Molar) and calcium foliar application at three levels (zero, calcium carbonate in the usual form and in the form of nano with a concentration of four per thousand) in three replications.The results showed that salinity tension reduced photosynthetic capacity and leaf chlorophyll content. As the total chlorophyll content in tension conditions showed 72 percent reduction than normal conditions. The use of sodium nitroprusside treatments had a desired effect on increasing chlorophyll content. Among the treatments of this material, application of pretreatment plus foliar application left the most positive effect on chlorophyll content. Also, salinity tension reduced the chlorophyll a / b ratio. The use of calcium treatments increased both chlorophyll a and b types. The application of salinity tension significantly increased the amount of sodium in the leaf, so that, for example, the sodium content in the leaf increased from 6.4 milligram in normal conditions to 22.7 milligram in salinity tension conditions. Also, the comparison of mean of data showed that by applying salinity tension, the amount of sesame oil decreased and the protein content of the grain was increased. So that the amount of oil in tension conditions decreased by 2.2 percent and protein content increased by 3.4 percent compared to normal conditions.