Petrography, geochemistry and tectono-magmatic setting of the dykes of the north and the west of Zahedan (Southeast Iran)

The Eocene dykes in the north and the west of Zahedan exposed into the flysch and Zahedan granitoid rocks in the Sistan suture zone. These rocks, including mafic dykes, ultramafic and felsic are mostly alkaline in nature and sometimes are contaminated. The dykes in discussion, display mostly porphyritic and glomeroporhyric textures. Plagioclase, hornblende and biotite are the main phases as well as the matrix of the rocks. The presence of rounded plagioclase and corrosion Gulf of quartz, normative changes and variation in minor and trace elements are indicative of contamination with continental crust. Enrichment of LREE relative to HREE and the lack of Eu anomaly are important characteristics of all of the studied rocks. High ratios (La/Sm)N, and (La/Yb)N and(Sm/Yb)N and the alkaline nature of most of the samples, indicate a melting process about 1 percent of a mantle with garnet lherzolite composition. Such conditions may be completion of subduction of Sistan oceanic lithosphere beneath the Afghan block ended. Slab sinking to a considerable down, fluid released from the edge caused some chemical and mineralogical changes of mantle wedge, and to facilitate partial melting of the rocks. The fluid migration to higher levels due to the lower parts of the upper crust and mantle wedge are batch melting. As the molten materials increased, they were transferred to higher levels in the Oligo-Miocene period and have been emplaced in the upper parts of the crust. It seems that after the Oligo-Miocene time and as subduction continued, fractures developed and the ascending magma emplaced into these fractures, which finally gave rise to the formation of the study dykes.