A Comparative Immunohistochemical Study of CD105 Expression in Peripheral and Central Giant Cell Granuloma

Despite similar histopathological features, peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) and central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) differ in their biological behavior. PGCG and CGCG are hemorrhagic/vascular lesions, clinically and microscopically. Angiogenesis is necessary for the growth and development of lesions and affects their clinical behavior. CD105 is a useful vascular marker for assessment of angiogenesis. This study aimed to assess the CD105 expression in PGCG and CGCG by immunohistochemistry in order to determine angiogenesis in these lesions.
A total of 30 PGCG and 30 CGCG specimens were stained for CD105 marker. The expression of this marker and the angiogenic potential of lesions were determined by calculating the mean vascular density (MVD).
All specimens revealed immunostaining of CD105 marker. MVD was 26.56 ± 11.03 in PGCG and 22.32 ± 12.81 in CGCG. Herein, the two groups did not differ significantly (P = 0.390).
This study demonstrated neovascularization in PGCG and CGCG. The angiogenic potential between the two groups did not significantly differ. This finding may suggest that the distinct clinical behavior of PGCG and CGCG is independent of the number of vessels and angiogenesis.