Evaluation of content of phenylpropanoid compounds of latex and chemical composition of essential oil of Ferula assa-foetida L. in some natural pasturelands of Kerman, Iran

In this study, total phenolic content, flavonoids, anthocyanin, tannins and ferulic acid of latex of Ferula assa-foetida L. were investigated in some pastures of Kerman province (Chatroud, Hossein Abad, Keshtuiyeh, Joopar and Sarduieh). The essential oil used in this study was extracted by hydro-distillation from the latex of the plant. The results of the essential oil analysis by Gas chromatography– mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated that a total of 51 components were identified in the essential oil. The major compounds in the total regions were included: (E)-1-propenyl sec-butyl disulfide, n-propyl sec-butyl disulfide, (Z)- β-ocimene and β-pinene. Comparison of effective components concentrations of latexs showed that the highest total phenolic content and acid ferulic was observed in Chatroud. The highest tannin content in Keshtuiyeh and the highest anthocyanins content in Sarduieh were obtained. Correlation of these compounds and environmental factors showed that there was a negative correlation between the average altitude and the content of tannins but significant and positive correlation at the 5% level between the average altitude and total phenolics (and ferulic acid) was observed. Keshtuiyeh showed the best quality of essential oil by heighest rate of sulfide compounds.